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Republika Srpska Република Српска (Serbian) | |
|---|---|
| Anthem: "Моја Република" / "Moja Republika" (English: "My Republic") | |
 Red indicates the location of Republika Srpska within Bosnia and Herzegovina. Pink is Brčko District. | |
| Country | Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Proclaimed | 9 January 1992 |
| Recognized as part of Bosnia and Herzegovina | 14 December 1995 |
| Capital | Sarajevo[1] Istočno Sarajevo (de jure) Banja Luka (de facto)[2] |
| Largest city | Banja Luka |
| Official languages | |
| Ethnic groups (2013 census[3]) | |
| Government | Federated state |
| Milorad Dodik | |
| Radovan Višković | |
| Nenad Stevandić | |
| Legislature | National Assembly |
| Area | |
• Total | 25,098.5 km2 (9,690.6 sq mi) |
| Population | |
• 2020 estimate | 1,136,274[4] |
• 2013 census | 1,170,342d[3] |
• Density | 53/km2 (137.3/sq mi) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2022 estimate |
• Total | €7.480 billion[5] |
• Per capita | €6,684 |
| HDI (2019) | 0.777[6] high |
| Currency | Convertible marke (BAM) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 |
• Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 |
| Driving side | right |
| Calling code | +387 |
| ISO 3166 code | BA-SRP |
| a Although the north-eastern Brčko District is formally held in condominium by both entities, it is a de facto autonomous political entity, having the same powers as the other two entities and is under the direct sovereignty of Bosnia and Herzegovina. b The Constitution of Republika Srpska avoids naming "Serbian, Bosnian, and Croatian", instead listing them as "the language of the Serb people, the language of the Bosniak people and the language of the Croat people" due to the ongoing debate over the separation of these languages.[7] c Including refugees abroad d Excluding Republika Srpska's 48% of the Brčko District e Cyrillic version | |
Republika Srpska (Serbian Cyrillic: Република Српска, pronounced [repǔblika sr̩̂pskaː] ⓘ, also known as the Republic of Srpska) is one of the two entities of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the other being the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is located in the north and east of the country. Its largest city and administrative centre is Banja Luka, lying on the Vrbas river, and with a population of about 138,963 people.
Republika Srpska was formed in 1992 at the outset of the Bosnian War with the stated intent to safeguard the interests of the Serbs of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The war saw the expulsion of the vast majority of Croats and Bosniaks from the territory claimed by Republika Srpska and an inflow of Serbs expelled from Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Following the Dayton Agreement of 1995, Republika Srpska was recognised as an entity within Bosnia and Herzegovina. Today most of Bosnia and Herzegovina's Serb population lives in Republika Srpska.
Republika Srpska has a parliamentary-style government, with the National Assembly holding legislative power within the entity. Republika Srpska is relatively centralised, although it is split into 64 municipalities called opštine.[9] The legislature holds 83 seats, and the current session is the tenth since its founding.
- ^ "Constitution of the Republika Srpska – official website of the Office of the High Representative". Archived from the original on 1 October 2008. Retrieved 13 September 2008.
- ^ Mihaylov, Valentin (2020). "Ethnoterritorial Divisions and Urban Geopolitics in Post-Yugoslav Mostar". Spatial Conflicts and Divisions in Post-socialist Cities. The Urban Book Series. Cham, Switzerland: Springer Verlag. p. 95. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-61765-3_6. ISBN 978-3-030-61765-3. ISSN 2365-7588. S2CID 234970806.
Bosniaks prevail in the capital city of Sarajevo, while Serbs are dominant in their entity and its capital, Banja Luka. Although Sarajevo is the capital of the entire multinational federation, Serbs and Croats often perceive it as a city governed by Bosniaks. Like many other cities, villages, municipalities and regions across Bosnia and Herzegovina, Mostar underwent the period of national homogenization as a result of ethnic cleansing or forced migration in the face of extreme nationalism and violence. Unlike Sarajevo and Banja Luka, no ethnic group succeeded in achieving full supremacy in Mostar.
- ^ a b Попис становништва, домаћинстава и станова у Републици Српској (PDF). Agency for Statistics (Report). Republika Srpska. 5 November 2013. Retrieved 11 November 2013.
- ^ "Републички завод за статистику - Република Српска".
- ^ "Database of economic indicators of RS". www.irbrs.net.
- ^ "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab". hdi.globaldatalab.org. Archived from the original on 23 September 2018. Retrieved 3 December 2018.
- ^ "Decision on Constitutional Amendments in Republika Srpska". Office of the High Representative. Archived from the original on 18 January 2012. Retrieved 3 June 2010.
- ^ "Constitution of Republika Srpska" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 February 2012.
- ^ "Bosnia-Herzegovina profile". BBC News. Archived from the original on 11 April 2013. Retrieved 14 April 2013.
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