Back زلزال لشبونة 1755 Arabic Terremotu de Lisboa de 1755 AST Lissabon zəlzələsi (1755) Azerbaijani Лісабонскае землетрасенне Byelorussian Лисабонско земетресение Bulgarian Kren-douar ar 1añ a viz Du 1755 e Lisbon Breton Zemljotres u Lisabonu 1755. BS Terratrèmol de Lisboa de 1755 Catalan Zemětřesení v Lisabonu 1755 Czech Jordskælvet i Lissabon 1755 Danish
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| Local date | 1 November 1755 |
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| Local time | 09:40 |
| Magnitude | 7.7–9.0 Mw (est.) |
| Epicenter | 36°N 11°W / 36°N 11°W About 200 km (110 nmi; 120 mi) west-southwest of Cape St. Vincent and about 290 km (160 nmi; 180 mi) southwest of Lisbon |
| Fault | Azores–Gibraltar Transform Fault[1] |
| Max. intensity | MMI XI (Extreme)[2] |
| Casualties | 40,000–50,000 deaths |
The 1755 Lisbon earthquake, also known as the Great Lisbon earthquake, impacted Portugal, the Iberian Peninsula, and Northwest Africa on the morning of Saturday, 1 November, Feast of All Saints, at around 09:40 local time.[3] In combination with subsequent fires and a tsunami, the earthquake almost completely destroyed Lisbon and adjoining areas. Seismologists estimate the Lisbon earthquake had a magnitude of 7.7[4][5] or greater[6] on the moment magnitude scale, with its epicenter in the Atlantic Ocean about 200 km (110 nmi; 120 mi) west-southwest of Cape St. Vincent, a cape in Algarve region, and about 290 km (160 nmi; 180 mi) southwest of Lisbon.
Chronologically, it was the third known large-scale earthquake to hit the city (following those of 1332 and 1531). Estimates place the death toll in Lisbon around 30,000–40,000. A further 10,000 may have died in Morocco.
The earthquake accentuated political tensions in Portugal and profoundly disrupted the Portuguese Empire. The event was widely discussed and dwelt upon by European Enlightenment philosophers, and inspired major developments in theodicy. As the first earthquake studied scientifically for its effects over a large area, it led to the birth of modern seismology and earthquake engineering.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
faultwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
NGDCwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Between History and Periodicity: Printed and Hand-Written News in 17th-Century Portugal
- ^ Fonseca, Joao F. B. D. (2020). "A Reassessment of the Magnitude of the 1755 Lisbon Earthquake". Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America. 110 (1). GeoScienceWorld: 1–17. Bibcode:2020BuSSA.110....1F. doi:10.1785/0120190198. S2CID 213399185.
- ^ "Magnitude of Great Lisbon Earthquake may have been lower than previous estimates". ScienceDaily. Retrieved 1 November 2021.
- ^ "The Lisbon Earthquake". VolcanoCafe. 6 May 2016. Retrieved 23 May 2021.
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