2019 shipping of humanitarian aid to Venezuela | |||
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Part of the crisis in Venezuela and Venezuelan presidential crisis | |||
Top to bottom, left to right: Aid for Venezuela sent by the United States to Colombia. Packages to be sent to Venezuela prepared in Canada. United States Vice President Mike Pence visiting Colombia with boxes. | |||
Date | 11 February 2019 Continuous donations since February 2019 | ||
Location | |||
Parties | |||
Crisis in Venezuela |
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During the presidential crisis between the Venezuelan governments of Nicolás Maduro and Juan Guaidó, a coalition of Colombia, Brazil, the United States and the Netherlands attempted to bring essential goods as a response to shortages in Venezuela.[1] The three main bases used for the operation are: the Colombian city of Cúcuta,[2] the Brazilian state of Roraima,[3] (specifically Boa Vista and Pacaraima),[4] and the island of Curaçao, of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.[5]
Shortages in Venezuela have occurred since the presidency of Hugo Chávez, with the country experiencing a scarcity rate of 24.7% in January 2008.[6] Shortages became commonplace in the country in 2012.[6] Since Maduro attained the presidency in 2013, he has denied that there was a humanitarian crisis in the country and refused international aid, making conditions in Venezuela worse.[7] Maduro blamed the shortages on an economic war being waged by foreign adversaries, such as the United States,[8] and claims that the problems in Venezuela are due to the economic sanctions against the state-run oil company PDVSA.[9]
Guaidó and Miguel Pizarro made partial delivery of the first shipment of humanitarian aid to the Association of Health Centers (ASSOVEC) on 11 February 2019.[10][11]
On 23 February 2019, a joint operation from all coalition countries by land and sea attempted to deliver humanitarian aid to Venezuela.[12][13] At the Colombia–Venezuela border, the caravans were tear-gassed or shot at with rubber bullets by Venezuelan personnel as they crossed bridges and ultimately blocked.[14][15][16] According to a report released by the Office of the Inspector General at the U.S. Agency for International Development only 8 out of 368 tons of aid reached the country.[17] In a December 2019 survey by Venezuelan pollster Meganalisis, 85.5% of respondents said that they did not receive support from international humanitarian aid, 7.9% said they did receive aid and 6.5% were unsure if they received humanitarian aid.[18]
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