52°37′15″N 12°45′40″E / 52.62083°N 12.76111°E
 A fragment of 2024 BX1 | |
| Discovery[1][2] | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | Krisztián Sárneczky |
| Discovery site | Piszkéstető Stn. |
| Discovery date | 20 January 2024 |
| Designations | |
| 2024 BX1 | |
| Sar2736, Ribbeck | |
| NEO · Apollo | |
| Orbital characteristics[3] | |
| Epoch 13 September 2023 (JD 2460200.5) | |
| Uncertainty parameter 6 | |
| Observation arc | 2.49 h (150 min) |
| Aphelion | 1.833 AU |
| Perihelion | 0.835 AU |
| 1.334 AU | |
| Eccentricity | 0.3740 |
| 1.54 yr (563.0 d) | |
| 246.680° | |
| 0° 38m 22.038s / day | |
| Inclination | 7.266° |
| 300.141° | |
| 243.604° | |
| Earth MOID | 0.000532 AU (79,600 km) |
| Physical characteristics | |
| 44 cm[4] 40–60 cm[5] | |
| Mass | 140 kg (entry mass)[4] 1.8 kg (recovered)[5] |
| 2.5888±0.0002 s[6] | |
| E-type asteroid[4] | |
| 32.795±0.353[3] 32.84[1] –14.4 (bolide maximum)[4] | |
2024 BX1, previously known under its temporary designation Sar2736, was a 44 centimetre-sized (17 inches)[4] asteroid or meteoroid that entered Earth's atmosphere on 21 January 2024 00:33 UTC and disintegrated as a meteor over Berlin.[2][7] It was discovered less than three hours before impact by Hungarian astronomer Krisztián Sárneczky at Konkoly Observatory's Piszkéstető Station in the Mátra Mountains, Hungary.[2] It was observed with the 60 cm Schmidt Telescope. Sárneczky first thought it was a known asteroid because it had a brightness of 18th magnitude, but he could not find it in any catalog, so he reported it to the Minor Planet Center.[8] The fireball was observed by the cameras of the AllSky7[9] and Fripon[10] networks. 2024 BX1 is the eighth asteroid discovered before impacting Earth, and is Sárneczky's third discovery of an impacting asteroid. Before it impacted, 2024 BX1 was a near-Earth asteroid on an Earth-crossing Apollo-type orbit.
The bolide was studied in June 2024. It had a steep entry of 75.6° and an entry speed of 15.20 km/s. The bolide was observed with the SDAFO at Tautenburg, which took a spectrum of the bolide. The spectrum was low in iron, consistent with an enstatite-rich body (E-type asteroid). At a hight of 55 km the meteoroid fragmented into smaller pieces. These primary pieces then broke up again at a height of 39-29 km. The size and mass were first estimated at 1 meter and 1700 kg based on albedos of S-type asteroids. The radiometric measurements from the European Fireball Network did however suggest a mass of about 100 kg. Considering it was an E-type asteroid, which have higher albedos, the new estimates are 0.44 meters and 140 kg.[4]
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