3rd Dalai Lama

Sonam
Title	3rd Dalai Lama
Personal
Born	1543 Tolung, Ü-Tsang, Tibet
Died	1588 (aged 44–45) Northern Yuan
Religion	Buddhism
Senior posting
Period in office	1578–1588
Predecessor	Gendun Gyatso
Successor	Yonten Gyatso
Chinese name
Chinese	索南嘉措
Transcriptions
Tibetan name
Tibetan	བསོད་ནམས་རྒྱ་མཚོ་
Transcriptions Wylie bsod nams rgya mtsho Tibetan Pinyin Soinam Gyaco

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Teachings General Buddhist Three marks of existence Skandha Cosmology Saṃsāra Rebirth Bodhisattva Dharma Dependent origination Karma Tibetan Four Tenets system Rangtong-Shentong Svatantrika-Prasaṅgika distinction Nyingma Dzogchen Pointing-out instruction
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Institutional roles Dalai Lama Panchen Lama Lama Karmapa Rinpoche Geshe Tertön Tulku Western tulku
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Sonam Gyatso (Tibetan: བསོད་ནམས་རྒྱ་མཚོ་, Wylie: bsod nams rgya mtsho, ZYPY: Soinam Gyaco; 1543–1588) was the first to be named Dalai Lama, although the title was retrospectively given to his two predecessors.

He was born near Lhasa in 1543 and was recognised as the reincarnation of Gendun Gyatso^[1] and subsequently enthroned at Drepung Monastery by Panchen Sonam Dragpa, who became his tutor. Panchen Sonam Dragpa was the 15th Ganden Tripa and his texts still serve as the core curriculum for many Gelugpa monasteries. The third Dalai Lama studied at Drepung Monastery and became its abbot. His reputation spread quickly and the monks at Sera Monastery also recognised him as their abbot.^[2]

According to Sumpa Khenpo, the great Gelug scholar, he also studied some Nyingmapa tantric doctrines.^[3]

When one of Tibet's kings, who had been supported by the Kagyupa, died in 1564, Sonam Gyatso presided over his funeral. His political power, and that of the Gelugpas, became dominant in Tibet by the 1570s.^[2]