Abū Isḥāq al-Shīrāzī أبو إسحاق الشيرازي | |
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Title | Amir al-Mu'minin fī al-Fiqh Shaykh al-Islam[1] |
Personal | |
Born | 1003 |
Died | 1083 (aged 79–80) |
Religion | Islam |
Nationality | Persian |
Era | Islamic Golden Age |
Denomination | Sunni |
Jurisprudence | Shafi'i |
Creed | Ash'ari[2][3] |
Main interest(s) | Fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence), Usul al-Fiqh (principles of jurisprudence), Usul al-Din, 'Aqidah, Tawhid, Kalam (Islamic theology), Hadith studies |
Notable work(s) | |
Muslim leader | |
Successor | Abu Sa'd al-Mutwalli |
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Ash'arism |
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Background |
Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm ibn ʿAlī al-Shīrāzī (Arabic: أبو إسحاق الشيرازي) was a prominent Persian[4] jurisconsult, legal theoretician, theologian, debater and researcher.[5] He was the foremost leading scholar of the Iraqi branch of the Shafiʿi school of law.[6] He became the second teacher after succeeding Ibn al-Sabbagh at the Nizamiyya school in Baghdad, which was built in his honour by the vizier (minister) of the Seljuk Empire Nizam al-Mulk.[7]
He acquired the status of a mujtahid in the field of fiqh and usul al-fiqh. The contemporary muhaddithun (hadith specialists) also considered him as their Imam. Likewise, he was respected and enjoyed a high status among the mutakallimun (practitioners of kalam) and Sufis.
He was closely associated with the eminent Sufis of his time like Abu Nasr ibn al-Qushayri (d. 514/1120), the son of al-Qushayri (d. 465/1072).[8]
Abu Bakr al-Shashi said: "Abu Ishaq is Allah's proof on the leading scholars of the time."[9] Al-Muwaffaq al-Hanafi said: "Abu Ishaq is the Amir al-Mu'minin (Prince of the Believers) from among the fuqaha' (jurists)."[1] The Azhari scholar 'Ali Jum'a, an inheritor of al-Bajuri's teachings, calls him the "shaykh of the fuqaha' of his era."[8]
Abu Ishaq Shirazi, the Ash'arite rector of the Nizamiya
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