Acepromazine

Acepromazine
Clinical data
Trade names	Atravet, Acezine 2
AHFS/Drugs.com	International Drug Names
Routes of; administration	IV, IM, SQ, oral
ATC code	N05AA04 (WHO) ;
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S4 (Prescription only); BR: Class C1 (Other controlled substances); CA: OTC; UK: POM (Prescription only); US: ℞-only;
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	6.6 L/kg, high volume of distribution
Elimination half-life	3 hours in horses, 15.9 hours in canines
Excretion	urine
Identifiers
	IUPAC name 1-{10-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-10H-phenothiazin-2-yl}ethanone;
CAS Number	61-00-7 ;
PubChem CID	6077;
DrugBank	DB01614 ;
ChemSpider	5852 ;
UNII	54EJ303F0R;
KEGG	D07065 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:44932 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL39560 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID1022552 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.451
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C19H22N2OS
Molar mass	326.46 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES O=C(c2cc1N(c3c(Sc1cc2)cccc3)CCCN(C)C)C;
	InChI InChI=1S/C19H22N2OS/c1-14(22)15-9-10-19-17(13-15)21(12-6-11-20(2)3)16-7-4-5-8-18(16)23-19/h4-5,7-10,13H,6,11-12H2,1-3H3 ; Key:NOSIYYJFMPDDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
	(verify)

Acepromazine, acetopromazine, or acetylpromazine (commonly known as ACP, Ace, or by the trade names Atravet or Acezine 2, number depending on mg/ml dose) is a phenothiazine derivative antipsychotic drug. It was used in humans during the 1950s as an antipsychotic,^[4] but is now almost exclusively used on animals as a sedative and antiemetic. A closely related analogue, chlorpromazine, is still used in humans.

The standard pharmaceutical preparation, acepromazine maleate, is used in veterinary medicine in dogs and cats. It is used widely in horses as a pre-anesthetic sedative and has been shown to reduce anesthesia related death.^[5] However, it should be used with caution (but is not absolutely contraindicated) in stallions due to the risk of paraphimosis and priapism.^[6] Its potential for cardiac effects can be profound, namely hypotension due to peripheral vasodilation, so it should be avoided or used with caution in geriatric or debilitated animals.^[7]

^ "Acepromazine Maleate Injection for Animal Use". Drugs.com. Retrieved 2017-06-11.
^ "Acepromazine: Pet Anxiety Medication for Dogs & Cats". 1800PetMeds. Retrieved 2017-06-11.
^ Anvisa (2023-03-31). "RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial" [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control] (in Brazilian Portuguese). Diário Oficial da União (published 2023-04-04). Archived from the original on 2023-08-03. Retrieved 2023-08-03.
^ Collard JF, Maggs R (June 1958). "Clinical trial of acepromazine maleate in chronic schizophrenia". British Medical Journal. 1 (5085): 1452–1454. doi:10.1136/bmj.1.5085.1452. PMC 2029326. PMID 13536530.
^ Cite error: The named reference Dugdale 2016 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference plumb was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Forney B. "Acepromazine Maleate for Veterinary Use". Wedgewood pharmacy. Retrieved 2017-06-10.

[drugs.com-1] "Acepromazine Maleate Injection for Animal Use". Drugs.com. Retrieved 2017-06-11.

[1800petmeds-2] "Acepromazine: Pet Anxiety Medication for Dogs & Cats". 1800PetMeds. Retrieved 2017-06-11.

[3] Anvisa (2023-03-31). "RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial" [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control] (in Brazilian Portuguese). Diário Oficial da União (published 2023-04-04). Archived from the original on 2023-08-03. Retrieved 2023-08-03.

[4] Collard JF, Maggs R (June 1958). "Clinical trial of acepromazine maleate in chronic schizophrenia". British Medical Journal. 1 (5085): 1452–1454. doi:10.1136/bmj.1.5085.1452. PMC 2029326. PMID 13536530.

[Dugdale_2016-5] Cite error: The named reference Dugdale 2016 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[plumb-6] Cite error: The named reference plumb was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[forney-7] Forney B. "Acepromazine Maleate for Veterinary Use". Wedgewood pharmacy. Retrieved 2017-06-10.

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