Adenine

Adenine

Names
Preferred IUPAC name 9H-Purin-6-amine
Other names 6-Aminopurine
Identifiers
CAS Number	73-24-5 Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image Interactive image
Beilstein Reference	608603
ChEBI	CHEBI:16708 Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL226345 Y
ChemSpider	185 Y
DrugBank	DB00173 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.724
EC Number	200-796-1
Gmelin Reference	3903
IUPHAR/BPS	4788
KEGG	D00034 Y
PubChem CID	190
RTECS number	AU6125000
UNII	JAC85A2161 Y
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID6022557
InChI InChI=1S/C5H5N5/c6-4-3-5(9-1-7-3)10-2-8-4/h1-2H,(H3,6,7,8,9,10) Y Key: GFFGJBXGBJISGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y InChI=1/C5H5N5/c6-4-3-5(9-1-7-3)10-2-8-4/h1-2H,(H3,6,7,8,9,10) Key: GFFGJBXGBJISGV-UHFFFAOYAT
SMILES NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2 Nc1c2ncNc2ncn1
Properties
Chemical formula	C5H5N5
Molar mass	135.13 g/mol
Appearance	white to light yellow, crystalline
Density	1.6 g/cm3 (calculated)
Melting point	360 to 365 °C (680 to 689 °F; 633 to 638 K) decomposes
Solubility in water	0.103 g/100 mL
Solubility	negligible in ethanol, soluble in hot water and/or aqua ammonia
Acidity (pKa)	4.15 (secondary), 9.80 (primary)[1]
Thermochemistry
Heat capacity (C)	147.0 J/(K·mol)
Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298)	96.9 kJ/mol
Hazards
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)	227 mg/kg (rat, oral)
Safety data sheet (SDS)	MSDS
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Y verify (what is YN ?) Infobox references

Adenine (/ˈædɪniːn/, /ˈædɪnɪn/) (symbol A or Ade) is a purine nucleotide base. It is one of the nucleobases in the nucleic acids, DNA and RNA. The shape of adenine is complementary to either thymine in DNA or uracil in RNA. In cells adenine, as an independent molecule, is rare. It is almost always covalently bound to become a part of a larger biomolecule.

Adenine has a central role in cellular respiration. It is part of adenosine triphosphate which provides the energy that drives and supports most activities in living cells, such as protein synthesis, chemical synthesis, muscle contraction, and nerve impulse propagation.^[2] In respiration it also participates as part of the cofactors nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, flavin adenine dinucleotide, and Coenzyme A.

It is also part of adenosine, adenosine monophosphate, cyclic adenosine monophosphate, adenosine diphosphate, and S-adenosylmethionine.