Obsolete racial classification of humans
The Alpine race is an obsolete racial classification of humans based on a now-disproven theory of biological race.[ 1] [ 2] [ 3] It was defined by some late 19th-century and early 20th-century anthropologists as one of the sub-races of the Caucasian race .[ 4] [ 5] [ 6] The origin of the Alpine race was variously identified. Ripley argued that it migrated from Central Asia during the Neolithic Revolution , splitting the Nordic and Mediterranean populations. It was also identified as descending from the Celts residing in Central Europe in Neolithic times.[ 7] The Alpine race was described as having moderate stature, neotenous features ,[dubious – discuss ] and specific cranial measurements, such as a high cephalic index .[ 8] [page needed ]
^ Templeton, A. (2016). "Evolution and Notions of Human Race". In Losos, J.; Lenski, R. (eds.). How Evolution Shapes Our Lives: Essays on Biology and Society . Princeton; Oxford: Princeton University Press. pp. 346–361. doi :10.2307/j.ctv7h0s6j.26 . ... the answer to the question whether races exist in humans is clear and unambiguous: no.
^ Wagner, Jennifer K.; Yu, Joon-Ho; Ifekwunigwe, Jayne O.; Harrell, Tanya M.; Bamshad, Michael J.; Royal, Charmaine D. (February 2017). "Anthropologists' views on race, ancestry, and genetics" . American Journal of Physical Anthropology . 162 (2): 318–327. doi :10.1002/ajpa.23120 . PMC 5299519 . PMID 27874171 .
^ American Association of Physical Anthropologists (27 March 2019). "AAPA Statement on Race and Racism" . American Association of Physical Anthropologists . Retrieved 19 June 2020 .
^ Maxwell, Anne (2010). Picture Imperfect: Photography and Eugenics, 1870–1940 . Sussex Academic Press. ISBN 978-1-84519-415-4 .
^ Fluehr-Lobban, Carolyn (2005). Race and Racism: An Introduction . Rowman Altamira. pp. 127–133. ISBN 0-7591-0795-5 .
^ The Races of Europe by Carleton S. Coon
^ MacCulloch, J. A. (2003). The Religion of the Ancient Celts . Kessinger. p. 8. ISBN 0-486-42765-X .
^ Coon, Carleton (1939). The Races of Europe . Macmillan.