Back Anchuejská klika Czech Anhui-kliken Danish Camarilla de Anhui Spanish Clique de l'Anhui French Kelompok Anhui ID Cricca di Anhui Italian 安徽派 Japanese 환계군벌 Korean Anhuiklikken NB Camarilha de Anhui Portuguese
| The Anhui Clique | |
|---|---|
| 皖系 Wǎn Xì | |
| Active | 1916–1926 |
| Disbanded | 1926 |
| Country |  Republic of China |
| Allegiance | Beiyang government |
| Type | Warlord faction |
| Size | 300,000–500,000 (Estimate at peak) |
| Engagements | Zhili–Anhui War Occupation of Mongolia Constitutional Protection Movement |
| Commanders | |
| Premier | Duan Qirui |
| General | Xu Shuzheng |
The Anhui clique (Chinese: 皖系; pinyin: Wǎn Xì) was a military and political organization, one of several mutually hostile cliques or factions that split from the Beiyang clique in the Republic of China's Warlord Era. It was named after Anhui province because several of its generals–including its founder, Duan Qirui–were born in Anhui.[1]
The clique's main members were Duan Qirui, Duan Zhigui, Jin Yunpeng, Wang Yitang, Lu Yongxiang, Zhang Jingyao, Wu Guangxin, Chen Shufan, Zheng Shiqi, Xu Shuzheng, etc.
The Anhui Clique was largely a collection of military officers with connections to Duan Qirui, either due to family ties such as Wu Guangxin, being from the same locality such as Duan Zhigui, or having a teacher-student relationship such as Xu Shuzheng or Jin Yunpeng.[2] However, the Anhui Clique would grow to be defined by the policy of Unification By Force, which would was the strategy of uniting North and South China through military conquest rather than peaceful negotiation.[2] Their rivals in the Zhili Clique were opposed to Unification By Force, fracturing the Beijing governments of 1916 to 1920.[2]
Because the Anhui clique organized itself very early, it was more politically sophisticated than its warlord rivals, with an associated civilian wing being organised as the Anfu Club.
The Anhui clique had an uneasy co-existence with the Zhili clique and Fengtian clique in the politics of the Beiyang government, often finding itself at odds with the two cliques.
- ^ Gao, James Z. (2009-06-16). Historical Dictionary of Modern China (1800-1949). Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6308-8.
- ^ a b c Andrew J Nathan (1976). Peking politics, 1918-1923: factionalism and the failure of constitutionalism. University of Michigan Center for Chinese Studies. ISBN 978-0-89264-131-4.
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