Arab Kingdom of Syria | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1919–1920 | |||||||||||||||
Anthem: سوريا يا ذات المجد O Syria, Who Owns the Glory[1] | |||||||||||||||
Capital | Damascus 33°30′47″N 36°17′31″E / 33.51306°N 36.29194°E | ||||||||||||||
Common languages | Arabic | ||||||||||||||
Demonym(s) | Syrian | ||||||||||||||
Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy | ||||||||||||||
King | |||||||||||||||
• 1920 | Faisal I | ||||||||||||||
Prime Minister | |||||||||||||||
• 1920 (first) | Rida Pasha al-Rikabi | ||||||||||||||
• 1920 (last) | Hashim al-Atassi | ||||||||||||||
Legislature | National Congress | ||||||||||||||
Historical era | Interwar period | ||||||||||||||
• British withdrawal | 26 November 1919 | ||||||||||||||
• Coronation of Faisal I | 8 March 1920 | ||||||||||||||
24 July 1920 | |||||||||||||||
25 July 1920 | |||||||||||||||
Currency | Syrian pound | ||||||||||||||
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The Arab Kingdom of Syria (Arabic: المملكة العربية السورية, al-Mamlakah al-‘Arabīyah as-Sūrīyah) was a self-proclaimed, unrecognized constitutional monarchy existing briefly in the territory of historical Syria. It was announced on 5 October 1918 as a fully independent Arab constitutional government with the permission of the British military.[2] It gained de facto independence as an Emirate after the withdrawal of the British forces from OETA East on 26 November 1919,[3] and was proclaimed as a Kingdom on 8 March 1920.
As a Kingdom it existed only a little over four months, from 8 March to 25 July 1920.[4][5] During its brief existence, the kingdom was led by Sharif Hussein bin Ali's son Faisal bin Hussein. Despite its claims to the territory of the Levant, Faisal's government controlled a limited area and was dependent on Britain which, along with France, generally opposed the idea of a Greater Syria and refused to recognize the kingdom.[6] The kingdom surrendered to French forces on 25 July 1920.
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