Arditi

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Arditi
Members of the Arditi corps, 1918, wielding daggers
Active	1917–1920
Country	Kingdom of Italy
Branch	Royal Italian Army
Type	Shock troops
Size	18,000 (total served)
Garrison/HQ	Military training area, Sdricca di Manzano, near Friuli
Nickname(s)	Fiamme nere ('Black flames')
Motto(s)	"A chi sarà sempre riservata la gloria e la gioia di osare l'impossibile? "A NOI!"" ('Who will always be given the glory and the joy of daring the impossible? "TO US!"') "O la vittoria, o tutti accoppati!" ('We either win, or we all die!')
Colors	Black
March	Fiamme nere
Anniversaries	Every last Sunday in July
Engagements	World War I
Commanders
Ceremonial chief	Victor Emmanuel III
Notable commanders	Gabriele D'Annunzio Ottavio Zoppi
Insignia
Gorget Patches
Arm Badge[1]
Cap Badge

Arditi (from the Italian verb ardire, 'to dare', and translates as "The Daring [Ones]") was the name adopted by a Royal Italian Army elite special force of World War I. They and the opposing German Stormtroopers were the first modern shock troops, and they have been called "the most feared corps by opposing armies".^[2][3][4]

Reparti d'assalto ('Assault units') were formed in the summer of 1917 by Colonel Bassi, and were assigned the tactical role of shock troops, breaching enemy defenses in order to prepare the way for a broad infantry advance. The Arditi were not units within infantry divisions, but were considered a separate combat arm.^{[citation needed]}

The Reparti d'assalto were successful in bringing in a degree of movement to what had previously been a war of entrenched positions. They won numerous engagements armed mainly with daggers and hand grenades, which proved very effective in the confined space of a trench. Their exploits on the battlefield were exemplary and they gained an illustrious place in Italian military history. They were demobilized by 1920.^[5]

The name Arditi was later used in 1919–20 by the Italian occupiers of Fiume who were led by Gabriele D'Annunzio, most of whom had been members of the Royal Italian Army. Their use of a uniform with black ties, insignia and fez was later taken up by Benito Mussolini's paramilitary forces, the Blackshirts. In 1942, during the Second World War, the 10th Arditi Regiment was created, inspired by the assault units of the Great War.^[6]

From 1 October 1975 the flag of X Arditi Regiment was adopted by the 9th Paratroopers Assault Regiment "Col Moschin". To this day, operatives of Col Moschin and Italian commando frogmen are known as "Arditi Incursori" and are viewed as the heirs of the Arditi.^{[citation needed]}