Back Macaca sylvanus AN مكاك بربري Arabic زعطوط ARY مكاك بربرى ARZ Lilkol (Macaca sylvanus) AVK Магот Byelorussian Магот BE-X-OLD Магот Bulgarian Makak golf Breton Mona de Gibraltar Catalan
| Barbary macaque Temporal range:
| |
|---|---|
| |
| Young Barbary macaque with its mother | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Primates |
| Suborder: | Haplorhini |
| Infraorder: | Simiiformes |
| Family: | Cercopithecidae |
| Genus: | Macaca |
| Species: | M. sylvanus[1]
|
| Binomial name | |
| Macaca sylvanus[1] | |
| |
| Native Range in Red (Northeast Africa); Introduced Range in Violet (Gibraltar) | |
| Synonyms[4] | |
|
Simia sylvanus Linnaeus, 1758 | |
The Barbary macaque (Macaca sylvanus), also known as Barbary ape, is a macaque species native to the Atlas Mountains of Algeria, Tunisia and Morocco, along with a small introduced population in Gibraltar.[2] It is the type species of the genus Macaca. The species is of particular interest because males play an atypical role in rearing young. Because of uncertain paternity, males are integral to raising all infants. Generally, Barbary macaques of both sexes and all ages contribute in alloparental care of young.[5]
The diet of the Barbary macaque consists primarily of plants and insects and they are found in a variety of habitats. Males live to around 25 years old while females may live up to 30 years.[6][7] Besides humans, they are the only free-living primates in Europe. Although the species is commonly referred to as the "Barbary ape", the Barbary macaque is actually a true monkey. Its name refers to the Barbary Coast of Northwest Africa.
The population of the Barbary macaques in Gibraltar is the only one outside Northern Africa and the only population of wild monkeys in Europe. Barbary macaques were once widely distributed in Europe, as far north as England, from the Early Pliocene (Zanclean) to the Late Pleistocene.[8] About 300 macaques live on the Rock of Gibraltar. This population appears to be stable or increasing, while the North African population is declining.[2]
- ^ Groves, C. P. (2005). "Species Macaca sylvanus". In Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 164. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
- ^ a b c d Wallis, J.; Benrabah, M.E.; Pilot, M.; Majolo, B.; Waters, S. (2020). "Macaca sylvanus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T12561A50043570. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T12561A50043570.en. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
- ^ Linnaeus, C. (1758). "Simia sylvanus". Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Vol. I (Decima, reformata ed.). Holmiæ: Laurentii Salvii. p. 25.
- ^ "Macaca sylvanus". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 22 September 2021.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Small1990was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Rathke, E. -M.; Berghänel, A.; Bissonnette, A.; Ostner, J.; Schülke, O. (2017). "Age-dependent change of coalitionary strategy in male Barbary macaques". Primate Biology. 4 (1): 1–7. doi:10.5194/pb-4-1-2017. PMC 7041515. PMID 32110686.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Fooden2007was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Cite error: The named reference
EltonO'Regan2014was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
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