Battle of Magnesia

Battle of Magnesia
	Part of the Roman–Seleucid War
	; Illustration of a bronze plaque from Pergamon, likely depicting the Battle of Magnesia
Date	December 190 or January 189 BC
Location	Near Magnesia ad Sipylum (modern-day Manisa, Turkey)38°37′00″N 27°26′00″E / 38.6167°N 27.4333°E
Result	Roman-Pergamene victory
Belligerents
Roman Republic; Kingdom of Pergamon;	Seleucid Empire
Commanders and leaders
Lucius Cornelius Scipio; Eumenes II of Pergamum;	Antiochus III the Great; Zeuxis; Seleucus;
Strength
30,000 ; (ancient sources); 30,000 – 50,000; (modern estimates); 16 war elephants;	72,000 ; (ancient sources); 50,000 – 72,000; (modern estimates); 54 war elephants;
Casualties and losses
349 dead and many wounded; (ancient sources); 5,000 dead; (modern estimates);	53,000 dead as well as 1,400 and 15 war elephants captured ; (ancient sources); 10,000 dead; (modern estimates);
	class=notpageimage\| Location of the Battle of Magnesia Battle of Magnesia (Turkey)

The Battle of Magnesia took place in either December 190 or January 189 BC. It was fought as part of the Roman–Seleucid War, pitting forces of the Roman Republic led by the consul Lucius Cornelius Scipio Asiaticus and the allied Kingdom of Pergamon under Eumenes II against a Seleucid army of Antiochus III the Great. The two armies initially camped northeast of Magnesia ad Sipylum in Asia Minor (modern-day Manisa, Turkey), attempting to provoke each other into a battle on favorable terrain for several days.

When the battle finally began, Eumenes managed to throw the Seleucid left flank into disarray. While Antiochus' cavalry overpowered his adversaries on the right flank of the battlefield, his army's center collapsed before he could reinforce it. Modern estimates give 10,000 dead for the Seleucids and 5,000 killed for the Romans. The battle resulted in a decisive Roman-Pergamene victory, which led to the Treaty of Apamea that ended Seleucid domination in Asia Minor.