Battle of Virden

Battle of Virden
Railroad tracks of Virden, Illinois, c. 1900.
Date	October 12, 1898
Location	Virden, Illinois, United States
Parties
Striking coal miners United Mine Workers Chicago-Virden Coal Co. aided by Thiel Detective Service Company and Chicago ex-policemen
Casualties and losses
8 killed 30 wounded 5 killed 5 wounded

The Battle of Virden, also known as the Virden Mine Riot and Virden Massacre, was a labor union conflict and a racial conflict in central Illinois that occurred on October 12, 1898. After a United Mine Workers of America local struck a mine in Virden, Illinois, the Chicago-Virden Coal Company hired armed detectives or security guards to accompany African-American strikebreakers to start production again. An armed conflict broke out when the train carrying these men arrived at Virden. Strikers were also armed: a total of five detective/security guards and eight striking mine workers were killed, with five guards and more than thirty miners wounded. In addition, at least one black strikebreaker on the train was wounded. The engineer was shot in the arm. This was one of several fatal conflicts in the area at the turn of the century that reflected both labor union tension and racial violence. Virden, at this point, became a sundown town, and most black miners were expelled from Macoupin County.^[1]