Beretta M9

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Pistol, Semiautomatic, 9mm, M9
Type	Semi-automatic pistol
Place of origin	United States / Italy
Service history
In service	1985–present[1]
Used by	United States Armed Forces
Wars	Operation Just Cause Persian Gulf War Somali Civil War Kosovo War Global War on Terrorism War in Afghanistan Iraq War Russo-Ukrainian War 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
Production history
Designed	1980s
Manufacturer	Beretta
Produced	1985–present
Variants	M9A1, M9A2 (never released and cancelled) and M9A3 and M9A4
Specifications
Mass	Unloaded – 34.2 oz (970 g)
Length	217 mm (8.5 in)
Barrel length	125 mm (4.9 in)
Width	38 mm (1.5 in)[2]
Height	137 mm (5.4 in)[2]
Cartridge	9×19mm Parabellum
Action	Short recoil, hinged locking piece assisted breechblock
Muzzle velocity	381 m/s (1,250 ft/s)
Effective firing range	50 m (55 yd)
Maximum firing range	100 m (110 yd)
Feed system	Detachable box magazine; capacities: 10 rounds (restricted) 15 rounds (standard)[3] 17 rounds (standard for the A3)[4] 18 rounds (flush high-capacity)[5] 20 rounds (extended)[6] 30 rounds (extended)[7] 32 rounds (extended)[8] 35 rounds (extended)[9]
Sights	Iron sights

The Beretta M9, officially the Pistol, Semiautomatic, 9mm, M9, is the designation for the Beretta 92FS semi-automatic pistol used by the United States Armed Forces. The M9 was adopted by the United States military as their service pistol in 1985.

The 92FS won a competition in the 1980s to replace the M1911A1 as the primary sidearm of the U.S. military, beating many other contenders and only narrowly defeating the SIG Sauer P226 for cost reasons.^[10] It officially entered service in 1990.^[11] Some other pistols have been adopted to a lesser extent, namely the SIG P228 pistol, and other models remain in limited use.

The M9 was scheduled to be replaced under a United States Army program, the Future Handgun System (FHS), which was merged with the SOF Combat Pistol program to create the Joint Combat Pistol (JCP). The JCP was renamed Combat Pistol (CP), and the number of pistols to be bought was drastically cut back. The U.S. Army, Navy, Air Force, and Marine Corps are replacing the M9 with the SIG Sauer M17 and M18.^[12]