Callyspongia crassa

Callyspongia crassa
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Porifera
Class:	Demospongiae
Order:	Haplosclerida
Family:	Callyspongiidae
Genus:	Callyspongia
Species:	C. crassa
Binomial name
	Callyspongia crassa; Keller, 1889
Synonyms
	Sclerochalina crassa Keller, 1889;

Callyspongia crassa, commonly known as prickly tube-sponge, is a species of sponge found from the Red Sea to the Seychelles. Its wide flexible brown tube with exterior protuberances can appear as a single tube or as clusters of tubes and can reach up to 50 centimeters (20 inches) in size.^[1]^[2]^[3] Like many other sea sponges, it is primarily used for marine drugs as they have many bioactive components and properties.^[4] They also play an important role in marine reef and benthic communities, as they constantly filter water and act as habitats for smaller organisms.^[5]^[6] As sea sponges, they have the ability to reproduce both sexually and asexually.^[7]

^ Lieske, Ewald; Myers, Robert (2004). Coral reef guide. Red Sea. HarperCollins. p. 238. ISBN 9780007741731.
^ World Porifera Database - Species - Callyspongia crassa (Keller, 1889)
^ "Callyspongia crassa (Keller 1889) - Encyclopedia of Life". eol.org. Retrieved 2022-04-26.
^ Ibrahim, Hassan A. H.; El-Naggar, Hussein A.; El-Damhougy, Khalied A.; Bashar, Mansour A. E.; Abou Senna, Fekry M. (2017-12-15). "Callyspongia crassa and C. siphonella (Porifera, Callyspongiidae) as a potential source for medical bioactive substances, Aqaba Gulf, Red Sea, Egypt". The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology. 78 (1): 7. doi:10.1186/s41936-017-0011-5. ISSN 2090-990X. S2CID 26352520.
^ Singh, Anshika; Thakur, Narsinh L. (22 December 2017). "Influence of spatial competitor on asexual reproduction of the marine sponge Cinachyrella cf. cavernosa (Porifera, Demospongiae)". Hydrobiologia. 809: 247–263. doi:10.1007/s10750-017-3470-2. S2CID 3320898.
^ Majoris, John E.; Francisco, Fritz A.; Atema, Jelle; Buston, Peter M. (20 January 2018). "Reproduction, early development, and larval rearing strategies for two sponge-dwelling neon gobies, Elacatinus lori and E. colini". Aquaculture. 483: 286–295. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2017.10.024.
^ Ereskovsky, Alexander V.; Geronimo, Alexia; Pérez, Thierry (10 October 2017). "Asexual and puzzling sexual reproduction of the Mediterranean sponge Haliclona fulva (Demospongiae): life cycle and cytological structures" (PDF). Invertebrate Biology. 136 (4): 403–421. doi:10.1111/ivb.12195.

[1] Lieske, Ewald; Myers, Robert (2004). Coral reef guide. Red Sea. HarperCollins. p. 238. ISBN 9780007741731.

[:0-2] World Porifera Database - Species - Callyspongia crassa (Keller, 1889)

[:5-3] "Callyspongia crassa (Keller 1889) - Encyclopedia of Life". eol.org. Retrieved 2022-04-26.

[:1-4] Ibrahim, Hassan A. H.; El-Naggar, Hussein A.; El-Damhougy, Khalied A.; Bashar, Mansour A. E.; Abou Senna, Fekry M. (2017-12-15). "Callyspongia crassa and C. siphonella (Porifera, Callyspongiidae) as a potential source for medical bioactive substances, Aqaba Gulf, Red Sea, Egypt". The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology. 78 (1): 7. doi:10.1186/s41936-017-0011-5. ISSN 2090-990X. S2CID 26352520.

[:3-5] Singh, Anshika; Thakur, Narsinh L. (22 December 2017). "Influence of spatial competitor on asexual reproduction of the marine sponge Cinachyrella cf. cavernosa (Porifera, Demospongiae)". Hydrobiologia. 809: 247–263. doi:10.1007/s10750-017-3470-2. S2CID 3320898.

[:4-6] Majoris, John E.; Francisco, Fritz A.; Atema, Jelle; Buston, Peter M. (20 January 2018). "Reproduction, early development, and larval rearing strategies for two sponge-dwelling neon gobies, Elacatinus lori and E. colini". Aquaculture. 483: 286–295. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2017.10.024.

[:6-7] Ereskovsky, Alexander V.; Geronimo, Alexia; Pérez, Thierry (10 October 2017). "Asexual and puzzling sexual reproduction of the Mediterranean sponge Haliclona fulva (Demospongiae): life cycle and cytological structures" (PDF). Invertebrate Biology. 136 (4): 403–421. doi:10.1111/ivb.12195.

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