Canada (AG) v Ward

Canada (AG) v Ward
Supreme Court of Canada
Hearing: March 25, 1992 Judgment: June 30, 1993
Full case name	Patrick Francis Ward v. The Attorney General of Canada
Citations	[1993] 2 S.C.R. 689
Docket No.	21937 [1]
Prior history	Judgment for the Attorney General of Canada in the Federal Court of Appeal.
Ruling	Appeal allowed.
Holding
In refugee law, "persecution" includes situations where a state is unable to protect its citizens.
Court membership
Chief Justice: Antonio Lamer Puisne Justices: Gérard La Forest, Claire L'Heureux-Dubé, John Sopinka, Charles Gonthier, Peter Cory, Beverley McLachlin, William Stevenson, Frank Iacobucci
Reasons given
Unanimous reasons by	La Forest J.
Lamer C.J. and Sopinka, McLachlin, and Stevenson JJ. took no part in the consideration or decision of the case.

Canada (AG) v Ward, [1993] 2 S.C.R. 689 is a leading immigration case decided by the Supreme Court of Canada on test for determining a "well-founded fear of persecution" in order to make a claim for Convention refugee status. The Court held that persecution need not originate from the state, and that mere inability to provide protection is sufficient to establish a claim for persecution.