Carbachol

Carbachol
Clinical data
Trade names	Miostat
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
License data	US DailyMed: Carbachol;
Pregnancy; category	AU: B2; ;
Routes of; administration	By mouth (tablets); Solution for injection; Topical (ophthalmic solution)
ATC code	N07AB01 (WHO) S01EB02 (WHO) QA03AB92 (WHO);
Legal status
Legal status	In general: ℞ (Prescription only);
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	Low
Identifiers
	IUPAC name 2-[(Aminocarbonyl)oxy]-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium chloride;
CAS Number	51-83-2 ;
PubChem CID	5831;
IUPHAR/BPS	298;
DrugBank	DB00411 ;
ChemSpider	5626 ;
UNII	8Y164V895Y;
KEGG	D00524 ;
ChEBI	CHEBI:3385 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL14 ;
PDB ligand	CCE (PDBe, RCSB PDB);
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID9022730 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.000.117
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C6H15ClN2O2
Molar mass	182.65 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES [Cl-].O=C(OCC[N+](C)(C)C)N;
	InChI InChI=1S/C6H14N2O2.ClH/c1-8(2,3)4-5-10-6(7)9;/h4-5H2,1-3H3,(H-,7,9);1H ; Key:AIXAANGOTKPUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
	(verify)

Carbachol, also known as carbamylcholine and sold under the brand name Miostat among others, is a cholinomimetic drug that binds and activates acetylcholine receptors. Thus it is classified as a cholinergic agonist. It is primarily used for various ophthalmic purposes, such as for treating glaucoma, or for use during ophthalmic surgery. It is generally administered as an ophthalmic solution (i.e., eye drops).

Carbachol produces effects comparable to those of sarin if a massive overdose is administered (as may occur following industrial and shipping accidents) and therefore it is classified as an extremely hazardous substance in the United States as defined in Section 302 of the U.S. Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (42 U.S.C. 11002), and is subject to strict reporting requirements by facilities which produce, store, or use it in significant quantities.^[1]

It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.^[2]

^ "40 C.F.R.: Appendix A to Part 355—The List of Extremely Hazardous Substances and Their Threshold Planning Quantities" (PDF) (1 July 2008 ed.). Government Printing Office. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 February 2012. Retrieved 29 October 2011.
^ World Health Organization (2021). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 22nd list (2021). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/345533. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.02.

[gov-right-know-1] "40 C.F.R.: Appendix A to Part 355—The List of Extremely Hazardous Substances and Their Threshold Planning Quantities" (PDF) (1 July 2008 ed.). Government Printing Office. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 February 2012. Retrieved 29 October 2011.

[WHO22nd-2] World Health Organization (2021). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 22nd list (2021). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/345533. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.02.

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[2]