Back كارل هاجنبيك ARZ Carl Hagenbeck Czech Carl Hagenbeck Danish Carl Hagenbeck German Carl Hagenbeck Spanish کارل هاگنبک Persian Carl Hagenbeck Finnish Carl Hagenbeck French Carl Hagenbeck Italian カール・ハーゲンベック Japanese
Carl Hagenbeck | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 10 June 1844 |
| Died | 14 April 1913 (aged 68) Hamburg, Germany |
| Nationality | German |
| Known for | |
| Spouse | Amanda (n. Mehrman) |
| Children | 2 |
Carl Hagenbeck (10 June 1844 – 14 April 1913) was a German merchant of wild animals who supplied many European zoos, as well as P. T. Barnum.[1] He created the modern zoo with animal enclosures without bars that were closer to their natural habitat.[2] He was also an ethnography showman and a pioneer in the display of members of "savage tribes" in Völkerschauen, known nowadays in English as "ethnic shows" or "human zoos",[3][4] which were controversial at the time[5] and are now widely considered racist.[6][7][8][9] The transformation of the zoo architecture initiated by him is known as the Hagenbeck revolution.[10] Hagenbeck founded Germany's most successful privately owned zoo, the Tierpark Hagenbeck, which moved to its present location in Hamburg's Stellingen district in 1907.[4]
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
obitwas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ "Hagenbeck Tierpark und Tropen-Aquarium". Zoo and Aquarium Visitor. Archived from the original on 2009-12-21. Retrieved 2008-07-22.
- ^ Hilke Thode-Arora (22 Dec 2021). Demski, Dagnosław; Czarnecka, Dominika (eds.). Staged Otherness: Ethnic Shows in Central and Eastern Europe, 1850–1939. Central European University Press. pp. 45–75. ISBN 9789633866887.
- ^ a b Ames, Eric (2008). Carl Hagenbeck's Empire of Entertainments. Seattle & London: University of Washington Press. ISBN 978-0-295-98833-7.
- ^ "The human zoo".
- ^ "Carl Hagenbeck: Inventor of the modern animal park – DW – 06/11/2019". Deutsche Welle.
- ^ "Human zoos: When people were the exhibits – DW – 03/10/2017". Deutsche Welle.
- ^ "The Other: The Harmful Legacy of Human Zoos".
- ^ "6 images of the racist human zoos that time forgot". Independent.co.uk. 19 November 2016.
- ^ "Managing Love and Death at the Zoo: The Biopolitics of Endangered Species Preservation" Archived 2012-11-24 at the Wayback Machine, Australian Humanities Review, Issue 50, May 2011
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