Order of mammals
Carnivorans
Various carnivorans, with feliforms to the left, and caniforms to the right
Scientific classification
Domain:
Eukaryota
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Mammalia
Clade :
Carnivoramorpha
Clade :
Carnivoraformes
Order:
Carnivora Bowdich , 1821[2]
Suborders
The extant distribution and density of Carnivora species.
Synonyms
Caniformes (Zagorodniuk, 2008) [3] [4]
Carnaria (Haeckel, 1866) [5]
Carnassidentia (Wortman, 1901) [6]
Carnivoramorphia (Kalandadze & Rautian, 1992) [7]
Carnivores (Cuvier, 1817) [8]
Carnivori (Vieq d'Azyr, 1792) [9]
Carnivorida (Pearse, 1936) [10] [11]
Carnivoriformes (Kinman, 1994) [12]
Carnivoripedida (Vyalov, 1966) [13]
Cynofeliformia (Ginsburg, 1982)
Cynofeloidea (Hough, 1953) [14]
Cynosia (Rafinesque, 1815) [15]
Digitigrada (Illiger, 1811) [16]
Digitigradae (Gray, 1821) [17]
Eucarnivora (Mekayev, 2002) [18]
Ferae (Linnaeus, 1758) [19]
Fissipeda (Blumenbach, 1791) [20]
Neocarnivora (Radinsky, 1977) [21]
Plantigrada (Illiger, 1811)
Carnivora is an order of placental mammals that have specialized in primarily eating flesh, whose members are formally referred to as carnivorans . The order Carnivora is the fifth largest order of mammals, comprising at least 279 species on every major landmass and in a variety of habitats, ranging from the cold Polar regions of Earth the hyper-arid region of the Sahara Desert to the open seas. They have a very large array of different body plans with a wide diversity of shapes and sizes.
Carnivora are divided into two suborders , the Feliformia , containing the true felids and several "cat-like" animals; and the Caniformia , containing the true canids and many "dog-like" animals.
The feliforms include the Felidae , Viverridae , hyena and mongoose families, the majority of which live in the Old World ; some cat species occur also in the Americas .
The caniforms include the Caninae , Procyonidae , bears , mustelids , skunks and pinnipeds that occur worldwide with immense diversity in their morphology, diet and behavior.
^ Foley, N. M.; Mason, V. C.; Harris, A. J.; Bredemeyer, K. R.; Damas, J.; Lewin, H. A.; Eizirik, E.; Gatesy, J.; Karlsson, E. K.; Lindblad-Toh, K.; Zoonomia Consortium; Springer, M. S.; Murphy, W. J. (2023). "A genomic timescale for placental mammal evolution" . Science . 380 (6643). eabl8189. doi :10.1126/science.abl8189 . PMC 10233747 . PMID 37104581 .
^ Bowditch, T. E. 1821. An analysis of the natural classifications of Mammalia for the use of students and travelers J. Smith Paris. 115. (refer pages 24, 33)
^ Zagorodniuk, I. (2008) "Scientific names of mammal orders: from descriptive to uniform" Visnyk of Lviv University, Biology series, Is. 48. P. 33-43
^ Zagorodniuk, I. (2014) "Changes In Taxonomic Diversity Of Ukrainian Mammals For The Last Three Centuries: Extinct, Phantom And Alien Species" Proceedings of the Theriological School, Vol. 12: 3–16
^ Haeckel, Ernst (1866.) "Generelle Morphologie der Organismen." Berlin: Georg Reimer.
^ J. L. Wortman (1901.) "Studies of Eocene Mammalia in the Marsh Collection, Peabody Museum." The American Journal of Science, series 4 12:193-206
^ Kalandadze, N. N. and S. A. Rautian (1992.) "Systema mlekopitayushchikh i istorygeskaya zoogeographei [The system of mammals and historical zoogeography]." Sbornik Trudov Zoologicheskogo Muzeya Moskovskogo Goschdarstvennoro Universiteta 29:44–152.
^ Georges Cuvier, Pierre André Latreille (1817.) "Le Règne Animal Distribué d'après son Organisation, pour Servir de Base à l'Histoire Naturelle des Animaux et d'Introduction à l'Anatomie Comparée" Déterville libraire, Imprimerie de A. Belin, Paris, 4 Volumes
^ Félix Vicq-Dazyr (1792.) "Encyclopédie Méthodique, Vol. 2: Système Anatomique, Quadrupèdes" Panckoucke
^ Arthur Sperry Pearse, (1936) "Zoological names. A list of phyla, classes, and orders, prepared for section F, American Association for the Advancement of Science" American Association for the Advancement of Science
^ G. G. Simpson (1952) "For and Against Uniform Endings in Zoological Nomenclature" in "Systematic Zoology Vol. 1, No. 1 (Spring, 1952)", pp. 20-23, Published By: Taylor & Francis, Ltd.
^ Kenneth E. Kinman (1994.) "The Kinman System: Toward a Stable Cladisto-Eclectic Classification of Organisms: Living and Extinct, 48 Phyla, 269 Classes, 1,719 Orders", Hays, Kan. (P. O. Box 1377, Hays 67601), 88 pages
^ O. S. Vyalov (1966.) "Sledy Zhiznedeyatel'nosti Organizmov i ikh Paleontologicheskoye Znacheniye [Traces of Vital Activity of Organisms and their Paleontological Significance]" Naukova Dumka, Kyiv, 1-219
^ Hough, J. R. (1953.) "Auditory region in North American fossil Felidae: Its significance in phylogeny." United States Geological SurveyProfessional Papers, 243-G,95–115.
^ Rafinesque, Constantine Samuel (1815). "Analyse de la Nature ou tableau de l'univers et des corps organisés" . 1815 . Palermo, Aux dépens de l'auteur, 223 pp.
^ Johann Karl Wilhelm Illiger (1811.) "Prodromus Systematis Mammalium et Avium." Berlin: Sumptibus C. Salfeld, xviii, 301 pages
^ Gray, J. E. (1821). "On the natural arrangement of vertebrose animals" . London Medical Repository . 15 (1): 296–310.
^ Mekayev, Y. A. (2002.) "The faunagenesis and classification of mammals." Petrov’s Academy of Sciences and Arts, St. Petersburg, 1–895.
^ Cite error: The named reference Linnaeus1758
was invoked but never defined (see the help page ).
^ Johann Friedrich Blumenbach (1791.) "Handbuch der Naturgeschichte. Vierte auflage." Göttingen, Johann Christian Dieterich, xii+704+[33] pp., 3 pls.
^ Leonard Radinsky (1977.) "Brains of early carnivores." Paleobiology, Volume 3, Issue 4, pp. 333 - 349