Catalan | |
---|---|
Valencian | |
català valencià | |
Pronunciation | [kətəˈla] (N., C. & B.) / [kataˈla] (NW. & A.) [valensiˈa] (V.) |
Native to | Andorra · Spain · France · Italy |
Region | Southern Europe |
Ethnicity | Catalans (incl. Northern Catalans) · Aragonese · Balearics · Valencians · Murcians · Sardinians |
Speakers | L1: 4.1 million (2012)[1] L2: 5.1 million Total: 9.2 million |
Early forms | |
Standard forms | |
Dialects |
|
Latin (Catalan alphabet) Catalan Braille | |
Signed Catalan | |
Official status | |
Official language in | Andorra Italy |
Recognised minority language in | |
Regulated by | Institut d'Estudis Catalans Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua |
Language codes | |
ISO 639-1 | ca |
ISO 639-2 | cat |
ISO 639-3 | cat |
Glottolog | stan1289 |
Linguasphere | 51-AAA-e |
Territories where Catalan/Valencian is spoken and is official Territories where Catalan/Valencian is spoken but is not official Territories where Catalan/Valencian is not historically spoken but is official | |
Standard Catalan is classified as Vulnerable by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger [3] | |
Catalan (autonym: català, for pronunciation see below), known in the Valencian Community and Carche as Valencian (autonym: valencià), is a Western Romance language. It is the official language of Andorra,[4] and an official language of three autonomous communities in eastern Spain: Catalonia, the Balearic Islands and the Valencian Community, where it is called Valencian. It has semi-official status in the Italian comune of Alghero,[5] and it is spoken in the Pyrénées-Orientales department of France and in two further areas in eastern Spain: the eastern strip of Aragon and the Carche area in the Region of Murcia. The Catalan-speaking territories are often called the Països Catalans or "Catalan Countries".[6]
The language evolved from Vulgar Latin in the Middle Ages around the eastern Pyrenees. Nineteenth-century Spain saw a Catalan literary revival,[7][8] culminating in the early 1900s.
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