Catechol-O-methyltransferase

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catechol-O-methyltransferase
catechol-O-methyltransferase
Identifiers
EC no.	2.1.1.6
CAS no.	9012-25-3
Databases
IntEnz	IntEnz view
BRENDA	BRENDA entry
ExPASy	NiceZyme view
KEGG	KEGG entry
MetaCyc	metabolic pathway
PRIAM	profile
PDB structures	RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Gene Ontology	AmiGO / QuickGO
PMC
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PMC	articles
PubMed	articles
NCBI	proteins

COMT
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	4XUE, 3A7E, 3BWM, 3BWY, 4PYI, 4PYJ, 4PYK, 4XUC, 4XUD
Identifiers
Aliases	COMT, HEL-S-98n, catechol-O-methyltransferase
External IDs	OMIM: 116790; MGI: 88470; HomoloGene: 30982; GeneCards: COMT; OMA:COMT - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 22 (human)
End	19,969,975 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 16 (mouse)
End	18,245,602 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	right adrenal cortex; ; stromal cell of endometrium; ; left adrenal gland; ; olfactory bulb; ; left adrenal cortex; ; C1 segment; ; mucosa of pharynx; ; right lobe of liver; ; corpus callosum; ; mucosa of esophagus;
	Top expressed in
	white adipose tissue; ; right kidney; ; proximal tubule; ; liver; ; human kidney; ; adrenal gland; ; urinary bladder; ; heart; ; striatum of neuraxis; ; duodenum;
	More reference expression data
	; ; ; ;
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	transferase activity; O-methyltransferase activity; metal ion binding; protein binding; magnesium ion binding; catechol O-methyltransferase activity; methyltransferase activity; L-dopa O-methyltransferase activity; orcinol O-methyltransferase activity;
Cellular component	cytoplasm; integral component of membrane; cell body; cytosol; postsynaptic membrane; membrane; plasma membrane; dendritic spine; axon; dendrite; mitochondrion; extracellular exosome; intracellular membrane-bounded organelle;
Biological process	multicellular organismal reproductive process; negative regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation; response to organic cyclic compound; regulation of sensory perception of pain; estrogen metabolic process; cellular response to phosphate starvation; catechol-containing compound metabolic process; female pregnancy; negative regulation of dopamine metabolic process; developmental process; learning; catecholamine metabolic process; neurotransmitter catabolic process; response to lipopolysaccharide; methylation; dopamine metabolic process; response to pain; short-term memory; negative regulation of renal sodium excretion; dopamine catabolic process; positive regulation of homocysteine metabolic process; catecholamine catabolic process; response to estrogen;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	1312
	12846
	ENSG00000093010
	ENSMUSG00000000326
	P21964
	O88587
	NM_000754; NM_001135161; NM_001135162; NM_007310; NM_001362828
	NM_001111062; NM_001111063; NM_007744
	NP_000745; NP_001128633; NP_001128634; NP_009294; NP_001349757
	NP_001104532; NP_001104533; NP_031770
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT; EC 2.1.1.6) is one of several enzymes that degrade catecholamines (neurotransmitters such as dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine), catecholestrogens, and various drugs and substances having a catechol structure.^[7] In humans, catechol-O-methyltransferase protein is encoded by the COMT gene.^[8] Two isoforms of COMT are produced: the soluble short form (S-COMT) and the membrane bound long form (MB-COMT). As the regulation of catecholamines is impaired in a number of medical conditions, several pharmaceutical drugs target COMT to alter its activity and therefore the availability of catecholamines.^[9] COMT was first discovered by the biochemist Julius Axelrod in 1957.^[10]

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000093010 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000000326 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Flower R, Rang HP, Dale MM, Ritter JM (2007). "Figure 11-4". Rang & Dale's pharmacology (6th ed.). Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. ISBN 978-0-443-06911-6.
^ Rang HP, Dale MM, Ritter JM, Flower RJ, Henderson G (2011). "Figure 14.4". Rang & Dale's Pharmacology. Student consult (7th ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 978-0-7020-4504-2.
^ "Test ID: COMT: Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Genotype". mayomedicallaboratories.com. Mayo Clinic: Mayo Medical Laboratories. Archived from the original on September 18, 2008. Retrieved November 16, 2016.
^ Grossman MH, Emanuel BS, Budarf ML (April 1992). "Chromosomal mapping of the human catechol-O-methyltransferase gene to 22q11.1----q11.2". Genomics. 12 (4): 822–825. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(92)90316-K. PMID 1572656.
^ Tai CH, Wu RM (February 2002). "catechol-O-methyltransferase and Parkinson's disease". Acta Medica Okayama. 56 (1): 1–6. doi:10.18926/AMO/31725. PMID 11873938.
^ Axelrod J (August 1957). "O-methylation of epinephrine and other catechols in vitro and in vivo". Science. 126 (3270): 400–401. Bibcode:1957Sci...126..400A. doi:10.1126/science.126.3270.400. PMID 13467217.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000093010 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000000326 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[Rang&Dale6th-11-4-5] Flower R, Rang HP, Dale MM, Ritter JM (2007). "Figure 11-4". Rang & Dale's pharmacology (6th ed.). Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. ISBN 978-0-443-06911-6.

[6] Rang HP, Dale MM, Ritter JM, Flower RJ, Henderson G (2011). "Figure 14.4". Rang & Dale's Pharmacology. Student consult (7th ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 978-0-7020-4504-2.

[7] "Test ID: COMT: Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Genotype". mayomedicallaboratories.com. Mayo Clinic: Mayo Medical Laboratories. Archived from the original on September 18, 2008. Retrieved November 16, 2016.

[pmid1572656-8] Grossman MH, Emanuel BS, Budarf ML (April 1992). "Chromosomal mapping of the human catechol-O-methyltransferase gene to 22q11.1----q11.2". Genomics. 12 (4): 822–825. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(92)90316-K. PMID 1572656.

[pmid11873938-9] Tai CH, Wu RM (February 2002). "catechol-O-methyltransferase and Parkinson's disease". Acta Medica Okayama. 56 (1): 1–6. doi:10.18926/AMO/31725. PMID 11873938.

[pmid13467217-10] Axelrod J (August 1957). "O-methylation of epinephrine and other catechols in vitro and in vivo". Science. 126 (3270): 400–401. Bibcode:1957Sci...126..400A. doi:10.1126/science.126.3270.400. PMID 13467217.

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