Centers of action are extensive and almost stationary low or high pressure areas which control the movement of atmospheric disturbances over a large area.[1][2][3][4] This does not mean that the position of the center is constant over a specific area but that the monthly atmospheric pressure corresponds to a high or a low pressure.[5][6]
The French meteorologist Léon Teisserenc de Bort was the first in 1881 to apply this term to maxima and minima of pressure on daily charts. The main centers of action in the Northern Hemisphere are the Icelandic Low, the Aleutian Low, the Azores/Bermuda High, the Pacific High, the Siberian High (in winter), and the Asiatic Low (in summer).[7] Sir Gilbert Walker used the same term to relate meteorological elements in a region to weather in the following season in other regions for the Southern Oscillation.[7]
- ^ World Meteorological Organization. "Center of action". Eumetcal. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved February 27, 2016.
- ^ Hameed, Sultan; Piontkovski, Sergey (2004-05-04). "The dominant influence of the Icelandic Low on the position of the Gulf Stream northwall". Geophysical Research Letters. 31 (9): n/a. Bibcode:2004GeoRL..31.9303H. doi:10.1029/2004gl019561. ISSN 0094-8276.
- ^ Osman, Mahmoud; Zaitchik, Benjamin; Badr, Hamada; Hameed, Sultan (2020). "North Atlantic centers of action and seasonal to subseasonal temperature variability in Europe and eastern North America". International Journal of Climatology. 41. doi:10.1002/joc.6806. ISSN 1097-0088. S2CID 225429315.
- ^ Riaz, Syed M. F.; Iqbal, M. J.; Hameed, Sultan (2017-01-01). "Impact of the North Atlantic Oscillation on winter climate of Germany". Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography. 69 (1): 1406263. Bibcode:2017TellA..6906263R. doi:10.1080/16000870.2017.1406263. S2CID 134341376.
- ^ World Meteorological Organization. "Semi-permanent anticyclone". Eumetcal. Archived from the original on October 15, 2013. Retrieved February 27, 2016.
- ^ World Meteorological Organization. "Semi-permanent depression". Eumetcal. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved February 27, 2016.
- ^ a b "Center of action". Glossary. American Meteorological Society. Retrieved February 27, 2016.
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