Changhsingian

Changhsingian
Changhsingian
	Bellerophon Formation, Dolomites, Italy
Chronology
←	Permian-Triassic mass extinction event
←	end-Capitanian extinction event
←	Olson's Extinction
	Subdivision of the Permian according to the ICS, as of 2022.; Vertical axis scale: millions of years ago.;
Etymology
Name formality	Formal
Name ratified	1981
Alternate spelling(s)	Changxingian
Usage information
Celestial body	Earth
Regional usage	Global (ICS)
Time scale(s) used	ICS Time Scale
Definition
Chronological unit	Age
Stratigraphic unit	Stage
Time span formality	Formal
Lower boundary definition	Meishan, Zhejiang, China
Lower boundary GSSP	FAD of the Conodont Clarkina wangi; 31°04′55″N 119°42′23″E / 31.0819°N 119.7064°E
Lower GSSP ratified	2005
Upper boundary definition	FAD of the Conodont Hindeodus parvus.
Upper boundary GSSP	Meishan, Zhejiang, China; 31°04′47″N 119°42′21″E / 31.0798°N 119.7058°E
Upper GSSP ratified	2001

In the geologic time scale, the Changhsingian or Changxingian is the latest age or uppermost stage of the Permian. It is also the upper or latest of two subdivisions of the Lopingian Epoch or Series. The Changhsingian lasted from 254.14 to 251.9 Ma ago. It is preceded by the Wuchiapingian age/stage and is followed by the Induan age/stage (Early Triassic epoch).^[4]

The greatest mass extinction in the Phanerozoic eon, the Permian–Triassic extinction event, occurred around the end of this age.

^ "Chart/Time Scale". www.stratigraphy.org. International Commission on Stratigraphy.
^ Cite error: The named reference Jin2006 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Hongfu, Yin; Kexin, Zhang; Jinnan, Tong; Zunyi, Yang; Shunbao, Wu (June 2001). "The Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) of the Permian-Triassic Boundary" (PDF). Episodes. 24 (2): 102–114. doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2001/v24i2/004. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 August 2021. Retrieved 8 December 2020.
^ Gradstein, F.M.; Ogg, J.G.; Smith, A.G. (2004). A Geologic Time Scale 2004. Cambridge University Press.

[icstimescale-1] "Chart/Time Scale". www.stratigraphy.org. International Commission on Stratigraphy.

[Jin2006-2] Cite error: The named reference Jin2006 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[3] Hongfu, Yin; Kexin, Zhang; Jinnan, Tong; Zunyi, Yang; Shunbao, Wu (June 2001). "The Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) of the Permian-Triassic Boundary" (PDF). Episodes. 24 (2): 102–114. doi:10.18814/epiiugs/2001/v24i2/004. Archived (PDF) from the original on 28 August 2021. Retrieved 8 December 2020.

[4] Gradstein, F.M.; Ogg, J.G.; Smith, A.G. (2004). A Geologic Time Scale 2004. Cambridge University Press.

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