Charles Fourier

Charles Fourier
Portrait by Jean Gigoux, 1835 (detail)
Born	François Marie Charles Fourier (1772-04-07)7 April 1772 Besançon, Kingdom of France
Died	10 October 1837(1837-10-10) (aged 65) Paris, Kingdom of France
Philosophical work
Era	19th-century philosophy
Region	Western philosophy
School	Utopian socialism Fourierism
Main interests	Political philosophy Economics Philosophy of desire
Notable ideas	Phalanstère "Attractive work" Coining the term feminism Critique of work

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François Marie Charles Fourier (/ˈfʊrieɪ, -iər/;^[1] French: [ʃaʁl fuʁje]; 7 April 1772 – 10 October 1837) was a French philosopher, an influential early socialist thinker, and one of the founders of utopian socialism.^[2] Some of his views, held to be radical in his lifetime, have become mainstream in modern society. For instance, Fourier is credited with having originated the word feminism in 1837.^[3]

Fourier's social views and proposals inspired a whole movement of intentional communities. Among them in the United States were the community of Utopia, Ohio; La Reunion near present-day Dallas, Texas; Lake Zurich, Illinois; the North American Phalanx in Red Bank, New Jersey; Brook Farm in West Roxbury, Massachusetts; the Community Place and Sodus Bay Phalanx in New York State; Silkville, Kansas, and several others. In Guise, France, he influenced the Familistery of Guise [fr; de; pt]. Fourier later inspired a diverse array of revolutionary thinkers and writers.