Chola Navy

Chola Navy
Chola Navy
சோழர் கடற்படை
Founded	300 BC
Disbanded	1280 AD
Country	Chola Empire
Allegiance	Chola Dynasty
Type	Naval Force
Part of	Chola military
Commanders
Ceremonial chief	Chola Emperor (Chakravarthy) – notably, Rajaraja I and Rajendra I

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The Cholas did not have a standing navy in the modern sense. The maritime force of Cholas was formed by using ships used for trade, as they did not have a dedicated ship for naval combat. The ships were used for transporting the land army overseas.^[1]^: 251^[2]^: 77^[3]

The Cholas were at the height of their power from the latter half of the 9th century CE through the early 13th century CE.^[4]^: 5 Between 1010 and 1153 CE, Rajaraja's successors continued the expansion, making the Chola Empire a military, economic and cultural power in South and South-East Asia.^[3]^: 215 During this period, the Chola Navy helped expand the empire with Naval expeditions to the Pala of Pataliputra, along the Ganges and the Chola invasion of Srivijaya (present-day Indonesia) in 1025 CE,^[5]^: 61 as well as repeated embassies to China.^[4]^: 158 The Chola Navy declined in the 13th century when the Cholas fought land battles with the Chalukyas of Andhra-Kannada area in South India, and with the rise of the Pandyan dynasty.^[4]^: 175

^ Cite error: The named reference MajumdarHistCult3 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Sakhuja, Vijay; Sakhuja, Sangeeta (2009). "Rajendra Chola I's Naval Expedition to Southeast Asia: A Nautical Perspective". In Kulke, Hermann; Kesavapany, K.; Sakhuja, Vijay (eds.). Nagapattinam to Suvarnadwipa: Reflections on the Chola Naval Expeditions to Southeast Asia. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. pp. 76–90. ISBN 978-981-230-937-2.
^ ^a ^b Keay, John (2011), India - A History, Open Road + Grove/Atlantic, ISBN 978-0-8021-9550-0.
^ ^a ^b ^c Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta (1955). A History of South India: From Prehistoric Times to the Fall of Vijayanagar. Oxford University Press.
^ Sen, Tansen (2009). "The Military Campaigns of Rajendra Chola and the Chola-Srivija-China Triangle". In Kulke, Hermann; Kesavapany, K.; Sakhuja, Vijay (eds.). Nagapattinam to Suvarnadwipa: Reflections on the Chola naval expeditions to Southeast Asia. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. pp. 61–75. ISBN 978-981-230-937-2.

[MajumdarHistCult3-1] Cite error: The named reference MajumdarHistCult3 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[2] Sakhuja, Vijay; Sakhuja, Sangeeta (2009). "Rajendra Chola I's Naval Expedition to Southeast Asia: A Nautical Perspective". In Kulke, Hermann; Kesavapany, K.; Sakhuja, Vijay (eds.). Nagapattinam to Suvarnadwipa: Reflections on the Chola Naval Expeditions to Southeast Asia. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. pp. 76–90. ISBN 978-981-230-937-2.

[keay-3] Keay, John (2011), India - A History, Open Road + Grove/Atlantic, ISBN 978-0-8021-9550-0.

[SastriHOSI-4] Sastri, K. A. Nilakanta (1955). A History of South India: From Prehistoric Times to the Fall of Vijayanagar. Oxford University Press.

[Sen-5] Sen, Tansen (2009). "The Military Campaigns of Rajendra Chola and the Chola-Srivija-China Triangle". In Kulke, Hermann; Kesavapany, K.; Sakhuja, Vijay (eds.). Nagapattinam to Suvarnadwipa: Reflections on the Chola naval expeditions to Southeast Asia. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. pp. 61–75. ISBN 978-981-230-937-2.

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