Chrome (band)

Chrome
Chrome
	Chrome in 1980: Damon Edge (left) and Helios Creed
Background information
Origin	San Francisco, California, U.S.
Genres	Post-punk; industrial rock; acid-punk; noise rock; experimental rock;
Years active	1976–present
Labels	Siren; Beggars Banquet; Don't Fall Off the Mountain; Subterranean; Expanded Music; Mosquito; Atonal; Dossier; Touch & Go; Man's Ruin; Cleopatra; Gearhead; King of Spades;
Members	Helios Creed; Tommy Grenas; Aleph Omega; Lux Vibratus; Lou Minatti; Steve Fishman; Tommy L. Cyborg;
Past members	Damon Edge; Gary Spain; John Lambdin; Mike Low; John Stench; Hilary Stench; Fabienne Shine; Renaud Thorez; Patrick Imbert; Remy Devilla; Olivier Caudron; Bab; Plume; Cliff Martin; Pierre Roussel; Philippe Sautour; Paul Della Pelle; Nova Cain; Z. Silver; Buz Deadwaxx; Rodney Dangerous; Anne Dromeda;

Chrome is an American rock band founded in San Francisco in 1976 by musician Damon Edge and associated with the 1970s post-punk movement.^[1] The group's raw sound blended elements of punk, psychedelia, and early industrial music,^[6] incorporating science-fiction themes, tape experimentation, distorted acid rock guitar, and electronic noise.^[7] They have been cited as forerunners of the 1980s industrial music boom.^[8]

They found little commercial success as part of San Francisco's 1970s music scene, but developed a cult following in the United Kingdom and Germany following the release of the LPs Alien Soundtracks (1977) and Half Machine Lip Moves (1979).^[9]^[10] Edge died in 1995; subsequently, guitarist Helios Creed has revived the Chrome name for recordings and performances.^[8]

^ ^a ^b Colin Larkin, ed. (1997). The Virgin Encyclopedia of Popular Music (Concise ed.). Virgin Books. p. 260. ISBN 1-85227-745-9.
^ "Chrome at 40 the most influential band you've never heard". KQED.org. July 15, 2015. Retrieved February 8, 2018.
^ Ensminger, David (2006). The Politics of Punk: Protests and Revolt from the Street. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 187. ISBN 9781442254459. Retrieved April 12, 2019.
^ Heller, Jason (2018). Strange Stars: David Bowie, Pop Music, and the Decade Sci-Fi Exploded. Melville House. p. 153. ISBN 9781612196978 – via Google Books.
^ "Stream: Chrome's Feel It Like A Scientist, their first album in 12 years". Consequence of Sound. July 28, 2014. Retrieved April 12, 2019.
^ Reed, S. Alexander (June 3, 2013). Assimilate: A Critical History of Industrial Music. Oxford University Press. p. 98. Retrieved December 26, 2016.
^ Reynolds, Simon. Rip It Up and Start Again: Postpunk 1978–1984. London: Faber & Faber, 2005. p. 206-208
^ ^a ^b Bush, John. "Chrome – Music Biography, Credits and Discography : AllMusic". AllMusic. AllRovi. Retrieved May 6, 2013.
^ Reynolds, Simon. Rip It Up and Start Again: Postpunk 1978–1984. London: Faber & Faber, 2005.
^ Cite error: The named reference Mullen was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Larkin-1] Colin Larkin, ed. (1997). The Virgin Encyclopedia of Popular Music (Concise ed.). Virgin Books. p. 260. ISBN 1-85227-745-9.

[KQED.org-2] "Chrome at 40 the most influential band you've never heard". KQED.org. July 15, 2015. Retrieved February 8, 2018.

[3] Ensminger, David (2006). The Politics of Punk: Protests and Revolt from the Street. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 187. ISBN 9781442254459. Retrieved April 12, 2019.

[4] Heller, Jason (2018). Strange Stars: David Bowie, Pop Music, and the Decade Sci-Fi Exploded. Melville House. p. 153. ISBN 9781612196978 – via Google Books.

[5] "Stream: Chrome's Feel It Like A Scientist, their first album in 12 years". Consequence of Sound. July 28, 2014. Retrieved April 12, 2019.

[6] Reed, S. Alexander (June 3, 2013). Assimilate: A Critical History of Industrial Music. Oxford University Press. p. 98. Retrieved December 26, 2016.

[7] Reynolds, Simon. Rip It Up and Start Again: Postpunk 1978–1984. London: Faber & Faber, 2005. p. 206-208

[auto-8] Bush, John. "Chrome – Music Biography, Credits and Discography : AllMusic". AllMusic. AllRovi. Retrieved May 6, 2013.

[9] Reynolds, Simon. Rip It Up and Start Again: Postpunk 1978–1984. London: Faber & Faber, 2005.

[Mullen-10] Cite error: The named reference Mullen was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]