Complement component 9

C9
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	5FMW
Identifiers
Aliases	C9, ARMD15, C9D, complement component 9, complement C9
External IDs	OMIM: 120940; MGI: 1098282; HomoloGene: 74406; GeneCards: C9; OMA:C9 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 5 (human)
End	39,371,324 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 15 (mouse)
End	6,528,232 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	right lobe of liver; ; testicle; ; gonad; ; buccal mucosa cell; ; human kidney; ; corpus epididymis; ; stromal cell of endometrium; ; right adrenal gland; ; right adrenal cortex; ; right coronary artery;
	Top expressed in
	left lobe of liver; ; gallbladder; ; olfactory epithelium; ; embryo; ; blastocyst; ; embryo; ; yolk sac; ; precursor cell; ; migratory enteric neural crest cell; ; thoracic diaphragm;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	growth factor activity;
Cellular component	integral component of membrane; extracellular region; integral component of plasma membrane; extracellular exosome; blood microparticle; membrane; membrane attack complex; extracellular space; cytosol; plasma membrane; other organism cell membrane;
Biological process	cytolysis; regulation of complement activation; hemolysis by symbiont of host erythrocytes; complement activation, alternative pathway; immune response; complement activation, classical pathway; immune system process; innate immune response; cell killing; protein homooligomerization;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	735
	12279
	ENSG00000113600
	ENSMUSG00000022149
	P02748
	P06683
	NM_001737
	NM_013485; NM_001368420; NM_001368421
	NP_001728
	NP_038513; NP_001355349; NP_001355350
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Complement component 9 (C9) is a MACPF protein involved in the complement system, which is part of the innate immune system.^[5] Once activated, about 12-18 molecules of C9 polymerize to form pores in target cell membranes, causing lysis and cell death.^[6] C9 is one member of the complement membrane attack complex (MAC), which also includes complement components C5b, C6, C7 and C8.^[7]^[8]^[9] The formation of the MAC occurs through three distinct pathways: the classical, alternative, and lectin pathways.^[7] Pore formation by C9 is an important way that bacterial cells are killed during an infection, and the target cell is often covered in multiple MACs. The clinical impact of a deficiency in C9 is an infection with the gram-negative bacterium Neisseria meningitidis.^[10]

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000113600 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000022149 – Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Lint TF, Zeitz HJ, Gewurz H (November 1980). "Inherited deficiency of the ninth component of complement in man". Journal of Immunology. 125 (5): 2252–7. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.125.5.2252. PMID 7430628.
^ Dudkina NV, Spicer BA, Reboul CF, Conroy PJ, Lukoyanova N, Elmlund H, et al. (February 2016). "Structure of the poly-C9 component of the complement membrane attack complex". Nature Communications. 7 (1): 10588. Bibcode:2016NatCo...710588D. doi:10.1038/ncomms10588. PMC 4742998. PMID 26841934.
^ ^a ^b Mohapatra A, Das S, Dey S, Sahoo PK (April 2020). "Molecular characterization and induced expression analysis of the terminal complement component C9 in rohu, Labeo rohita". Aquaculture Research. 51 (4): 1415–1427. doi:10.1111/are.14487. ISSN 1355-557X. S2CID 213565293.
^ Spicer BA, Law RH, Caradoc-Davies TT, Ekkel SM, Bayly-Jones C, Pang SS, et al. (August 2018). "The first transmembrane region of complement component-9 acts as a brake on its self-assembly". Nature Communications. 9 (1): 3266. Bibcode:2018NatCo...9.3266S. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-05717-0. PMC 6093860. PMID 30111885.
^ Wickramaarachchi WD, Wan Q, Lee Y, Lim BS, De Zoysa M, Oh MJ, et al. (October 2012). "Genomic characterization and expression analysis of complement component 9 in rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus)". Fish & Shellfish Immunology. 33 (4): 707–17. doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2012.06.019. PMID 22796422.
^ Fu X, Ju J, Lin Z, Xiao W, Li X, Zhuang B, et al. (July 2016). "Target deletion of complement component 9 attenuates antibody-mediated hemolysis and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute shock in mice". Scientific Reports. 6 (1): 30239. Bibcode:2016NatSR...630239F. doi:10.1038/srep30239. PMC 4957234. PMID 27444648.

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000113600 – Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000022149 – Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid7430628-5] Lint TF, Zeitz HJ, Gewurz H (November 1980). "Inherited deficiency of the ninth component of complement in man". Journal of Immunology. 125 (5): 2252–7. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.125.5.2252. PMID 7430628.

[Dudkina_2016-6] Dudkina NV, Spicer BA, Reboul CF, Conroy PJ, Lukoyanova N, Elmlund H, et al. (February 2016). "Structure of the poly-C9 component of the complement membrane attack complex". Nature Communications. 7 (1): 10588. Bibcode:2016NatCo...710588D. doi:10.1038/ncomms10588. PMC 4742998. PMID 26841934.

[Mohapatra_2020-7] Mohapatra A, Das S, Dey S, Sahoo PK (April 2020). "Molecular characterization and induced expression analysis of the terminal complement component C9 in rohu, Labeo rohita". Aquaculture Research. 51 (4): 1415–1427. doi:10.1111/are.14487. ISSN 1355-557X. S2CID 213565293.

[Spicer_2018-8] Spicer BA, Law RH, Caradoc-Davies TT, Ekkel SM, Bayly-Jones C, Pang SS, et al. (August 2018). "The first transmembrane region of complement component-9 acts as a brake on its self-assembly". Nature Communications. 9 (1): 3266. Bibcode:2018NatCo...9.3266S. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-05717-0. PMC 6093860. PMID 30111885.

[9] Wickramaarachchi WD, Wan Q, Lee Y, Lim BS, De Zoysa M, Oh MJ, et al. (October 2012). "Genomic characterization and expression analysis of complement component 9 in rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus)". Fish & Shellfish Immunology. 33 (4): 707–17. doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2012.06.019. PMID 22796422.

[Fu_2016-10] Fu X, Ju J, Lin Z, Xiao W, Li X, Zhuang B, et al. (July 2016). "Target deletion of complement component 9 attenuates antibody-mediated hemolysis and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute shock in mice". Scientific Reports. 6 (1): 30239. Bibcode:2016NatSR...630239F. doi:10.1038/srep30239. PMC 4957234. PMID 27444648.

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