December 2013 Spuyten Duyvil derailment

Spuyten Duyvil derailment (December 2013)
Aerial view of the derailment
Details
Date	December 1, 2013 7:19 a.m. EST (12:19 UTC)
Location	Near Spuyten Duyvil station
Coordinates	40°52′47″N 73°55′22″W / 40.879597°N 73.922829°W / 40.879597; -73.922829
Country	United States
Line	Hudson Line
Operator	MTA, Metro-North Railroad
Incident type	Derailment
Cause	Driver error, overspeeding
Statistics
Trains	1
Passengers	115
Deaths	4
Injured	At least 61
Damage	$9 million[1]

On the morning of December 1, 2013, a Metro-North Railroad Hudson Line passenger train derailed near the Spuyten Duyvil station in the New York City borough of the Bronx. Four of the 115 passengers were killed and another 61 injured; the accident caused $9 million worth of damage. It was the deadliest train accident within New York City since a 1991 subway derailment in Manhattan, and the first accident in Metro-North's history to result in passenger fatalities. The additional $60 million in legal claims paid out as of 2020^[update] have also made it the costliest accident in Metro-North's history.

Early investigations found that the train had gone into the curve where it derailed at almost three times the posted speed limit. The engineer, William Rockefeller, later admitted that before reaching the curve he had gone into a "daze", a sort of highway hypnosis.

The leader of the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) team investigating said it was likely that the accident would have been prevented had positive train control (PTC) been installed per a prior federal mandate requiring its installation by 2015. Due to a number of other recent accidents involving Metro-North trains and tracks, the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) demanded improved safety measures, which Metro-North began implementing within a week of the accident.

In late 2014, almost a year after the accident, the NTSB released its final report on the accident. After reiterating its earlier conclusion that PTC would have prevented the accident entirely, it found the most direct cause was Rockefeller's inattention as the train entered the curve. There were other contributing factors. A medical examination following the accident diagnosed sleep apnea, which had hampered his ability to fully adjust his sleep patterns to the morning shift which he had begun working two weeks earlier. The report faulted both Metro-North for not screening its employees in sensitive positions for sleep disorders, and the FRA for not requiring railroads to do such screening.