Defluoridation

Defluoridation is the downward adjustment of the level of fluoride in drinking water. Worldwide, fluoride is one of the most abundant anions present in groundwater. Fluoride is more present in groundwater than surface water mainly due to the leaching of minerals. Groundwater accounts for 98 percent of the earth's potable water.^[1] An excess of fluoride in drinking water causes dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis. The World Health Organization has recommended a guideline value of 1.5 mg/L as the concentration above which dental fluorosis is likely.^[2] Fluorosis is endemic in more than 20 developed and developing nations.^[3]

^ Mullen, Kimberly. "Information on Earth's Water". ngwa.org. National Ground Water Association. Retrieved 2020-02-26.
^ Bose, Dr. Sreekanth; R, Dr. Yashoda; Puranik, Dr. Manjunath P (2018-07-01). "A review on defluoridation in India". International Journal of Applied Dental Sciences. 4 (3).
^ Meenakshi; Maheshwari, R.C. (September 2006). "Fluoride in drinking water and its removal". Journal of Hazardous Materials. 137 (1): 456–463. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.02.024. ISSN 0304-3894. PMID 16600479.

[1] Mullen, Kimberly. "Information on Earth's Water". ngwa.org. National Ground Water Association. Retrieved 2020-02-26.

[Bose_2018-2] Bose, Dr. Sreekanth; R, Dr. Yashoda; Puranik, Dr. Manjunath P (2018-07-01). "A review on defluoridation in India". International Journal of Applied Dental Sciences. 4 (3).

[3] Meenakshi; Maheshwari, R.C. (September 2006). "Fluoride in drinking water and its removal". Journal of Hazardous Materials. 137 (1): 456–463. doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.02.024. ISSN 0304-3894. PMID 16600479.

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