Deformed wing virus

Deformed wing virus
	Carniolan honey bee with DWV
Virus classification
(unranked):	Virus
Realm:	Riboviria
Kingdom:	Orthornavirae
Phylum:	Pisuviricota
Class:	Pisoniviricetes
Order:	Picornavirales
Family:	Iflaviridae
Genus:	Iflavirus
Species:	Deformed wing virus

Deformed wing virus (DWV) is an RNA virus, one of 22 known viruses affecting honey bees. While most commonly infecting the honey bee, Apis mellifera, it has also been documented in other bee species, like Bombus terrestris,^[1] thus, indicating it may have a wider host specificity than previously anticipated. The virus was first isolated from a sample of symptomatic honeybees from Japan in the early 1980s and is currently distributed worldwide. It is found also in pollen baskets and commercially reared bumblebees.^[2] Its main vector in A. mellifera is the Varroa mite.^[3] It is named after what is usually the most obvious deformity it induces in the development of a honeybee pupa, which is shrunken and deformed wings, but other developmental deformities are often present.

^ Genersch, E.; C. Yue; I. Fries; J. R. de Miranda (2006). "Detection of Deformed wing virus, a honey bee viral pathogen, in bumble bees (Bombus terrestris and Bombus pascuorum) with wing deformities". Journal of Insect Pathology. 91 (1): 61–63. Bibcode:2006JInvP..91...61G. doi:10.1016/j.jip.2005.10.002. PMID 16300785.
^ Graystock, Peter; Yates, Kathryn; Evison, Sophie E. F.; Darvill, Ben; Goulson, Dave; Hughes, William O. H.; Osborne, Juliet (2013). "The Trojan hives: pollinator pathogens, imported and distributed in bumblebee colonies". Journal of Applied Ecology. 50 (5): 1207–1215. Bibcode:2013JApEc..50.1207G. doi:10.1111/1365-2664.12134. ISSN 0021-8901. S2CID 3937352.
^ Gunn, Alan; Bowen Walker PL; Martin SJ (1999). "The transmission of deformed wing virus between honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) by the ectoparasitic mite Varroa jacobsoni Oud". Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 73 (1): 101–106. Bibcode:1999JInvP..73..101B. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.212.8099. doi:10.1006/jipa.1998.4807. PMID 9878295.

[1] Genersch, E.; C. Yue; I. Fries; J. R. de Miranda (2006). "Detection of Deformed wing virus, a honey bee viral pathogen, in bumble bees (Bombus terrestris and Bombus pascuorum) with wing deformities". Journal of Insect Pathology. 91 (1): 61–63. Bibcode:2006JInvP..91...61G. doi:10.1016/j.jip.2005.10.002. PMID 16300785.

[GraystockYates2013-2] Graystock, Peter; Yates, Kathryn; Evison, Sophie E. F.; Darvill, Ben; Goulson, Dave; Hughes, William O. H.; Osborne, Juliet (2013). "The Trojan hives: pollinator pathogens, imported and distributed in bumblebee colonies". Journal of Applied Ecology. 50 (5): 1207–1215. Bibcode:2013JApEc..50.1207G. doi:10.1111/1365-2664.12134. ISSN 0021-8901. S2CID 3937352.

[Gunn-3] Gunn, Alan; Bowen Walker PL; Martin SJ (1999). "The transmission of deformed wing virus between honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) by the ectoparasitic mite Varroa jacobsoni Oud". Journal of Invertebrate Pathology. 73 (1): 101–106. Bibcode:1999JInvP..73..101B. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.212.8099. doi:10.1006/jipa.1998.4807. PMID 9878295.

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