Department of Government Efficiency

Department of Government Efficiency
U.S. DOGE Service
PredecessorUnited States Digital Service
FormationJanuary 20, 2025 (2025-01-20)
TypeCross-departmental temporary organization
HeadquartersEisenhower Executive Office Building, Washington, D.C., U.S.
Administrator
Amy Gleason (acting)[1]
Key people
Elon Musk (Senior Advisor to the President)[a]
Steve Davis[5]
Parent organization
Executive Office of the President
Budgetc. $40 million[6]
Websitedoge.gov

The Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE)[b] is an initiative of the second Trump administration tasked with cutting federal spending which it characterizes as "waste, fraud, and abuse".[8] It emerged from discussions between Donald Trump and Elon Musk, and was established by executive order on January 20, 2025. DOGE's actions have included accessing government data systems; organizing mass layoffs of federal workers; and cutting climate change initiatives, scientific research, and diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) programs. The initiative has targeted federal agencies including the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB), Department of Education, Social Security Administration (SSA), and Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).

Musk's role within DOGE is unclear. The White House has denied, in media and in courts, that Musk is running DOGE[9] and that he is making government decisions;[10] it asserted that he was only a senior advisor to the president.[11][12] Trump insists that Musk is the head of DOGE,[13] and courts have declared that he must be its de facto leader.[2] DOGE's status is also unclear. Formerly known as the U.S. Digital Service, "USDS" now abbreviates U.S. DOGE Service and comprises the U.S. DOGE Service Temporary Organization (USDSTO), which is scheduled to be dissolved on July 4, 2026, the country's 250th anniversary.[14] The acting administrator of USDS and USDSTO has been named by the White House as Amy Gleason, not Musk.[1]

DOGE has been met with opposition and lawsuits.[15] A federal judge found that Musk's role likely violates the Appointments Clause,[2][16] and legal experts have warned of a constitutional crisis.[17][18] Democratic Party members have challenged DOGE's authority, with some calling its actions a "coup".[19] Musk did not divest from companies[20] that are receiving billions in government contracts[21] and are clashing with federal regulators[22] DOGE is trying to slash,[23] creating potential conflicts of interest. Musk has promised transparency[24] while Trump has tried to exempt DOGE from public disclosure rules.[25] The White House has said that DOGE complies with federal law,[26] and that Musk would "excuse himself" if DOGE activities conflicted with his business interests.[27] Gleason has denied responsibility over the actions from DOGE members embedded within and eventually hired by government agencies.[28]

Musk has stated that DOGE could cut $2 trillion; he lowered his estimate to $1 trillion, and then to $150 billion.[29] As of March 24, 2025, DOGE has claimed to have saved $130 billion.[30] Independent analysis has found that DOGE's reports misaccounted tens of billions of dollars,[31] with more than a third of canceled contracts already obligated or yielding no savings.[32] Musk, DOGE, and the Trump administration have made multiple claims of having discovered significant fraud, none of which have held up under scrutiny.[33][34] According to watchdogs, DOGE is redefining fraud to target federal employees and programs to build political support for their cuts;[35] former Republican budget experts said DOGE cuts were driven more by political ideology than frugality.[36] Despite widespread criticism, Trump has reiterated his support for Musk and DOGE.[37]

  1. ^ a b Ingram, David (February 25, 2025). "DOGE has a new 'acting administrator,' but Elon Musk is still in charge". NBC News. Retrieved February 25, 2025.
  2. ^ a b c Lee, Ella (March 18, 2025). "Judge finds Elon Musk likely acted unconstitutionally in shuttering USAID". The Hill. Retrieved March 18, 2025. It marks the first time a judge has ruled that Musk is likely exercising enough independent authority to require him to be confirmed by the Senate under the Appointments Clause. "The record of his activities to date establishes that his role has been and will continue to be as the leader of DOGE, with the same duties and degree of continuity as if he was formally in that position,'" wrote Chuang, an appointee of former President Obama. Chuang rejected the Trump administration's argument that Musk is not the DOGE administrator and is instead merely a senior adviser to the president who has no independent authority.
  3. ^ Shalal, Andrea; Bose, Nandita (February 20, 2025). "Trump appears to contradict White House, says Elon Musk in charge of DOGE". Reuters. 'I signed an order creating the Department of Government Efficiency and put a man named Elon Musk in charge,' Trump told an audience of investors and company executives in Miami.
  4. ^ Picchi, Aimee (February 18, 2025). "Musk is not an employee of DOGE and "has no actual or formal authority," White House says". CBS News. Retrieved March 1, 2025. Like other senior White House advisers, Mr. Musk has no actual or formal authority to make government decisions himself.
  5. ^ Mac, Ryan; Conger, Kate; Schleifer, Theodore (March 20, 2025). "Meet Steve Davis, Elon Musk's Top Lieutenant Who Oversees DOGE". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved March 20, 2025.
  6. ^ Cite error: The named reference DOGE-millions was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ "WATCH:Trump and Elon Musk double down on DOGE and cutting "wasteful spending"". YouTube. LiveNow from Fox. February 11, 2025. Retrieved February 19, 2025. today it's Doge and I'm going to ask Elon to tell you a little bit about it (0m40s)
  8. ^ Ostroff, Caitlin; Shifflett, Shane; Benedict, James. "DOGE Claims It Has Saved Billions. See Where". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved March 13, 2025.
  9. ^ Siddiqui, Faiz; Allison, Natalie (February 18, 2025). "Who's running DOGE? The White House says it's not Elon Musk". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on February 20, 2025. Retrieved February 19, 2025.
  10. ^ Whitehurst, Lindsay (February 18, 2025). "White House says Elon Musk is not in charge at DOGE, but is advising the president". AP. Retrieved February 22, 2025. The Trump administration [...] says Musk is not a DOGE employee and has "no actual authority to make government decisions himself"
  11. ^ Charalambous, Peter (February 17, 2025). "Contradictory statements about Musk make it unclear who runs DOGE". ABC News. In his role as senior advisor to the President, Mr. Musk has no greater authority than other senior White House advisors. Like other senior White House advisors, Mr. Musk has no actual or formal authority to make government decisions.
  12. ^ Falconer, Rebecca (February 18, 2025). "Musk is not a DOGE employee and "has no actual or formal authority," White House says". Axios. Retrieved March 7, 2025.
  13. ^ Habeshian, Sareen (March 5, 2025). "Trump praises Musk's DOGE cuts in address to Congress". Axios. Retrieved March 7, 2025.
  14. ^ Tecotzky, Alice (January 24, 2025). "DOGE announces results from its first 80 hours of work — and it's way behind schedule". Business Insider. Retrieved January 31, 2025.
  15. ^ Peters, Adele (February 5, 2025). "What will it take to stop Elon Musk and DOGE?". Fast Company. Retrieved February 6, 2025.
  16. ^ Dwyer, Devin (February 17, 2025). "Is Elon Musk's government role unconstitutional? What the Supreme Court might say". ABC News. Retrieved February 22, 2025.
  17. ^ Chait, Jonathan (February 4, 2025). "The Constitutional Crisis Is Here". The Atlantic. Archived from the original on February 4, 2025. Retrieved March 12, 2025. And so, although a handful of conservative intellectuals, including the budget wonk Brian Riedl of the Manhattan Institute and the law professor and former Bush-administration lawyer Jack Goldsmith, have described Musk's ambitions as unconstitutional, most of the establishment right has cheered him on or stayed quiet. Senator Thom Tillis of North Carolina conceded that Musk's project might not be strictly constitutional, but nonetheless told the news site NOTUS that "nobody should bellyache about that."
  18. ^ Raul, Alan Charles. "DOGE is unconstitutional. Here's why". The Washington Post. Retrieved March 13, 2025. The radical reorganization now underway is not just footfaulting over procedural lines; it is shattering the fundamental checks and balances of our constitutional order. The DOGE process, if that is what it is, mocks two basic tenets of our government: that we are nation of laws, not men and that it is Congress which controls spending and passes legislation. The president must faithfully execute Congress's laws and manage the executive agencies consistent with the Constitution and lawmakers' appropriations — not by any divine right or absolute power.
  19. ^ Peoples, Steve; Riccardi, Nicholas (February 4, 2025). "Democrats confront limits of their power in bid to stop Trump and Musk". AP News. Retrieved February 25, 2025.
  20. ^ Keith, Tamara (February 22, 2025). "Elon Musk blurs the line between his government and business roles". NPR. Retrieved March 12, 2025.
  21. ^ "Bombshell Report Reveals How Much Money Elon Musk Got From Government". The New Republic. ISSN 0028-6583. Retrieved March 12, 2025.
  22. ^ Graf, Rachel (June 12, 2024). "Here's a list of all major legal battles Musk and his companies are facing". Business Standard. Retrieved March 13, 2025.
  23. ^ Kim, Soo Rin. "As Musk works to slash federal spending, his own firms are receiving billions in government contracts". ABC News. Retrieved February 22, 2025.
  24. ^ Lowell, Hugo (February 12, 2025). "Elon Musk appears with Trump and tries to claim 'Doge' team is transparent". The Guardian.
  25. ^ Kim, Minho (February 10, 2025). "Trump's Declaration Allows Musk's Efficiency Team to Skirt Open Records Laws". The New York Times. Archived from the original on February 18, 2025.
  26. ^ Jacobson, Louis (February 8, 2025). "Do Elon Musk and DOGE have power to close US government agencies?". Al Jazeera. Retrieved February 10, 2025.
  27. ^ Pringle, Eleanor (February 6, 2025). "The person ruling on Elon Musk's DOGE conflicts of interest is…Elon Musk". Fortune.
  28. ^ Cite error: The named reference DOGE-denies-responsibility was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  29. ^ Garrison, Joey. "Elon Musk lowers DOGE's projected savings from $1 trillion to $150 billion". USA TODAY. Retrieved April 14, 2025.
  30. ^ "DOGE: Department of Government Efficiency". DOGE: Department of Government Efficiency. Retrieved March 30, 2025.
  31. ^ Tartar, Andre (February 19, 2025). "DOGE says it's saved $55 billion, itemized data show far less". Fortune.
  32. ^ Fowler, Stephen (February 19, 2025). "DOGE released data about federal contract savings. It doesn't add up". NPR.
  33. ^ Murray, Conor (February 19, 2025). "Here Are The Biggest DOGE Hoaxes And Inaccuracies—As $8 Million Canceled ICE Contract Listed At $8 Billion". Forbes.
  34. ^ Timm, Jane C. (February 19, 2025). "Big swings, big misses: DOGE struggles to back up its outsized claims". NBC News.
  35. ^ Diamond, Dan; Siddiqui, Faiz (March 7, 2025). "DOGE redefines 'fraud' to defend cutting federal employees, programs". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved March 8, 2025. But independent watchdogs and outside analysts say Trump and Musk are using overly broad claims of fraud to build political support for sweeping cuts to programs and offices.
  36. ^ Cite error: The named reference DOGE-cuts-ideology was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  37. ^ "Trump says he will buy a Tesla to show 'confidence and support' for Musk". PBS News. March 11, 2025. Retrieved March 12, 2025.


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