Depersonalization-derealization disorder | |
---|---|
Other names | Depersonalization disorder, derealization disorder |
Specialty | Psychiatry, clinical psychology |
Symptoms | Feeling detached from oneself (depersonalization), feeling detached from one's surroundings (derealization) |
Usual onset | Adolescence |
Duration | Episodic, chronic |
Risk factors | childhood trauma, substance use |
Treatment | Psychotherapy |
Prognosis | Usually positive[1] |
Frequency | 1–2% (general population)[2] |
Depersonalization-derealization disorder (DPDR, DDD)[3][4] is a mental disorder in which the person has persistent or recurrent feelings of depersonalization and/or derealization. Depersonalization is described as feeling disconnected or detached from one's self. Individuals may report feeling as if they are an outside observer of their own thoughts or body, and often report feeling a loss of control over their thoughts or actions.[5] Derealization is described as detachment from one's surroundings. Individuals experiencing derealization may report perceiving the world around them as foggy, dreamlike, surreal, and/or visually distorted.[5]
Depersonalization-derealization disorder is thought to be caused largely by interpersonal trauma such as early childhood abuse.[6][7] Adverse early childhood experiences, specifically emotional abuse and neglect have been linked to the development of depersonalization symptoms.[8] Feelings of depersonalization and derealization are common from significant stress or panic attacks.[6] Individuals may remain in a depersonalized state for the duration of a typical panic attack. However, in some cases, the dissociated state may last for hours, days, weeks, or even months at a time.[9] In rare cases, symptoms of a single episode can last for years.[10]
Diagnostic criteria for depersonalization-derealization disorder includes persistent or recurrent feelings of detachment from one's mental or bodily processes or from one's surroundings.[11] A diagnosis is made when the dissociation is persistent, interferes with the social or occupational functions of daily life, and/or causes marked distress in the patient.[3]
While depersonalization-derealization disorder was once considered rare, lifetime experiences with it occur in about 1–2% of the general population.[12][13] The chronic form of the disorder has a reported prevalence of 0.8 to 1.9%.[14][15] While brief episodes of depersonalization or derealization can be common in the general population, the disorder is only diagnosed when these symptoms cause substantial distress or impair social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.[16][17]
DSM-IV_300.6
was invoked but never defined (see the help page).:2
was invoked but never defined (see the help page).SimeonAbugel2008
was invoked but never defined (see the help page).Although depersonalization disorder has a low prevalence, with a reported prevalence ranging from 0.8 to 1.9%
Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic
was invoked but never defined (see the help page).© MMXXIII Rich X Search. We shall prevail. All rights reserved. Rich X Search