Back ديلتيازيم Arabic دیلتیازم AZB Diltiasem Welsh Diltiazem German Διλτιαζέμη Greek Diltiazem Spanish دیلتیازم Persian Diltiatseemi Finnish Diltiazem French דילטיאזם HE

Diltiazem

Diltiazem
Clinical data
Pronunciation/dɪlˈtaɪəzɛm/
Trade namesCardizem, Dilacor XR, Cartia XT, others
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa684027
License data
Pregnancy
category
Routes of
administration		By mouth, intravenous
Drug classNondihydropyridine calcium channel blocker
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability40%
MetabolismLiver
Elimination half-life3–4.5 hours
ExcretionKidney
Bile duct
Identifiers
  • cis-(+)-[2-(2-Dimethylaminoethyl)-5-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-oxo-6-thia-2-azabicyclo[5.4.0]undeca-7,9,11-trien-4-yl]ethanoate
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEBI
ChEMBL
PDB ligand
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.050.707 Edit this at Wikidata
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC22H26N2O4S
Molar mass414.52 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • O=C2N(c3c(S[C@@H](c1ccc(OC)cc1)[C@H]2OC(=O)C)cccc3)CCN(C)C
  • InChI=1S/C22H26N2O4S/c1-15(25)28-20-21(16-9-11-17(27-4)12-10-16)29-19-8-6-5-7-18(19)24(22(20)26)14-13-23(2)3/h5-12,20-21H,13-14H2,1-4H3/t20-,21+/m1/s1 checkY
  • Key:HSUGRBWQSSZJOP-RTWAWAEBSA-N checkY
  (verify)

Diltiazem, sold under the brand name Cardizem among others, is a nondihydropyridine calcium channel blocker medication used to treat high blood pressure, angina, and certain heart arrhythmias.[8] It may also be used in hyperthyroidism if beta blockers cannot be used.[8] It is taken by mouth or injection into a vein.[8] When given by injection, effects typically begin within a few minutes and last a few hours.[8]

Common side effects include swelling, dizziness, headaches, and low blood pressure.[8] Other severe side effects include an overly slow heart beat, heart failure, liver problems, and allergic reactions.[8] Use is not recommended during pregnancy.[8] It is unclear if use when breastfeeding is safe.[1]

Diltiazem works by relaxing the smooth muscle in the walls of arteries, resulting in them opening and allowing blood to flow more easily.[8] Additionally, it acts on the heart to prolong the period until it can beat again.[9] It does this by blocking the entry of calcium into the cells of the heart and blood vessels.[10] It is a class IV antiarrhythmic.[11]

Diltiazem was approved for medical use in the United States in 1982.[8] It is available as a generic medication.[8] In 2021, it was the 84th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 8 million prescriptions.[12][13] An extended release formulation is also available.[8][14]

  1. ^ a b "Diltiazem Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 4 May 2020. Retrieved 5 May 2020.
  2. ^ "Dilcardia SR 120 mg Prolonged-release hard capsules – Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". emc. 22 March 2018. Archived from the original on 28 August 2021. Retrieved 13 April 2020.
  3. ^ "Angitil SR/XL Capsules – Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". (emc). 7 May 2019. Retrieved 13 April 2020.
  4. ^ "Cardizem- diltiazem hydrochloride tablet, coated". DailyMed. 2 June 2020. Retrieved 23 October 2022.
  5. ^ "Cardizem CD- diltiazem hydrochloride capsule, coated, extended release". DailyMed. 30 April 2020. Retrieved 23 October 2022.
  6. ^ "Cardizem LA- diltiazem hydrochloride tablet, extended release". DailyMed. 2 May 2019. Retrieved 23 October 2022.
  7. ^ "Active substance(s): diltiazem" (PDF). European Medicines Agency. 11 January 2018.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Diltiazem Hydrochloride Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. AHFS. Retrieved 28 December 2018.
  9. ^ Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapeutics. Cardiotext Publishing. 2011. pp. 251–52. ISBN 978-1-935395-62-1. Retrieved 28 December 2018.
  10. ^ 2010 Nurse's Drug Handbook. Jones & Bartlett Learning. 2010. p. 320. ISBN 978-0-7637-7900-9.
  11. ^ Milne GW (2005). Gardner's Commercially Important Chemicals: Synonyms, Trade Names, and Properties. John Wiley & Sons. p. 223. ISBN 978-0-471-73661-5. Retrieved 28 December 2018.
  12. ^ "The Top 300 of 2021". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 15 January 2024. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
  13. ^ "Diltiazem - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Retrieved 14 January 2024.
  14. ^ "Diltiazem hydrochloride – diltiazem hydrochloride extended-release tablets tablet, extended release". DailyMed. 1 April 2019. Retrieved 13 April 2020.

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