Dopamine transporter

SLC6A3
Identifiers
Aliases	SLC6A3, solute carrier family 6 (neurotransmitter transporter), member 3, DAT, DAT1, PKDYS, solute carrier family 6 member 3, Dopamine transporter, PKDYS1
External IDs	OMIM: 126455; MGI: 94862; HomoloGene: 55547; GeneCards: SLC6A3; OMA:SLC6A3 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 5 (human)[1] Band 5p15.33 Start 1,392,794 bp[1] End 1,445,440 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 13 (mouse)[2] Band 13 C1|13 40.1 cM Start 73,684,866 bp[2] End 73,726,791 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in substantia nigra testicle gonad left lobe of thyroid gland right ovary canal of the cervix left ovary right lobe of thyroid gland body of uterus renal cortex Top expressed in substantia nigra ventral tegmental area embryo hypothalamus arcuate nucleus epithelium of small intestine epithelium of lens central gray substance of midbrain suprachiasmatic nucleus olfactory bulb More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function protein N-terminus binding dopamine:sodium symporter activity metal ion binding neurotransmitter:sodium symporter activity dopamine binding protein binding symporter activity monoamine transmembrane transporter activity protein-containing complex binding protease binding signaling receptor binding protein phosphatase 2A binding Cellular component cytoplasm integral component of membrane membrane plasma membrane integral component of plasma membrane cell surface axon flotillin complex neuronal cell body membrane raft presynapse neuron projection dopaminergic synapse integral component of postsynaptic membrane integral component of presynaptic membrane Biological process response to cocaine prepulse inhibition response to organic cyclic compound locomotory behavior dopamine biosynthetic process response to nicotine human ageing neurotransmitter biosynthetic process monoamine transport adenohypophysis development regulation of dopamine metabolic process response to iron ion sensory perception of smell dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission dopamine catabolic process dopamine transport positive regulation of multicellular organism growth response to cAMP lactation response to ethanol neurotransmitter transport dopamine uptake transmembrane transport neurotransmitter uptake Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 6531 13162 Ensembl ENSG00000142319 ENSG00000276996 ENSMUSG00000021609 UniProt Q01959 Q61327 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001044 NM_010020 RefSeq (protein) NP_001035 NP_034150 Location (UCSC) Chr 5: 1.39 – 1.45 Mb Chr 13: 73.68 – 73.73 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

The dopamine transporter (DAT, also sodium-dependent dopamine transporter) is a membrane-spanning protein coded for in humans by the SLC6A3 gene (also known as DAT1), that pumps the neurotransmitter dopamine out of the synaptic cleft back into cytosol. In the cytosol, other transporters sequester the dopamine into vesicles for storage and later release. Dopamine reuptake via DAT provides the primary mechanism through which dopamine is cleared from synapses, although there may be an exception in the prefrontal cortex, where evidence points to a possibly larger role of the norepinephrine transporter.^[5]

DAT is implicated in a number of dopamine-related disorders, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, bipolar disorder, clinical depression, eating disorders, and substance use disorders. The gene that encodes the DAT protein is located on chromosome 5, consists of 15 coding exons, and is roughly 64 kbp long. Evidence for the associations between DAT and dopamine related disorders has come from a type of genetic polymorphism, known as a variable number tandem repeat, in the SLC6A3 gene, which influences the amount of protein expressed.^[6]