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Comment: Possible COI issues. The majority of the sources appear to be written by the same author. Shadow311 (talk) 00:28, 24 April 2024 (UTC)
The fixed set search (FSS) is a metaheuristic that has been effectively applied to various combinatorial optimization problems, including the traveling salesman problem (TSP)[1], machine scheduling[2], clique partition[3], interconnected facility problem[4] and minimum weighted vertex cover[5]. Additionally, the FSS has been adapted for bi-objective optimization[5] and a matheuristic setting[6]. As a population-based metaheuristic integrating a local search, FSS is particularly effective for problems where local search methods excel. FSS enhances the Greedy randomized adaptive search procedure (GRASP) metaheuristic by adding a learning mechanism to it. The GRASP involves iteratively generating solutions using a randomized greedy algorithm and refining each of the solutions with a local search.
The FSS is inspired by the observation that high-quality solutions often share common elements. The core strategy of FSS is to identify these shared elements—termed the "fixed set"—and incorporate them into newly generated solutions. This approach focuses computational efforts on completing these partial solutions by "filling in the gaps." This concept draws on earlier metaheuristic strategies such as chunking[7] and vocabulary building[8]. The idea of observing a solution as a set of elements has also been used in the ant colony optimization and worm optimization[9] metaheuristics. Note that matheuristic techniques, such as Kernel Search[10] and Heuristic Concentration[11], employ a similar strategy of generating numerous solutions to identify common elements in high-quality ones.