Dronabinol

Dronabinol (INN), also known under the trade names Marinol and Syndros, is a generic name for the molecule of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in the pharmaceutical context. It has indications as an appetite stimulant, antiemetic, and sleep apnea reliever^[1] and is approved by the FDA as safe and effective for HIV/AIDS-induced anorexia and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting only.^[2]^[3]^[4]

Dronabinol is the principal psychoactive constituent enantiomer form, (−)-trans-Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol, found in cannabis.^[5] Dronabinol does not include any other tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) isomers or any cannabidiol.

^ Schütz SG, Dunn A, Braley TJ, Pitt B, Shelgikar AV (2021). "New frontiers in pharmacologic obstructive sleep apnea treatment: A narrative review". Sleep Medicine Reviews. 57. Elsevier BV: 101473. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2021.101473. ISSN 1087-0792. PMID 33853035. S2CID 233242139. Initial rodent studies showed that injections of dronabinol, a synthetic form of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, in the nodose ganglia suppressed serotonin induced reflex apneas and increased upper airway dilating muscle activity during sleep. Limited studies in humans with moderate-to-severe OSA have demonstrated significant reduction in AHI with dronabinol use.
^ "Marinol (Dronabinol)" (PDF). US Food and Drug Administration. September 2004. Retrieved 14 January 2018.
^ "Cannabis and Cannabinoids". National Cancer Institute. 2011-10-24. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
^ Badowski ME (September 2017). "A review of oral cannabinoids and medical marijuana for the treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: a focus on pharmacokinetic variability and pharmacodynamics". Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology. 80 (3): 441–449. doi:10.1007/s00280-017-3387-5. PMC 5573753. PMID 28780725.
^ "List of psychotropic substances under international control". International Narcotics Control Board. Retrieved 25 April 2018. This international non-proprietary name refers to only one of the stereochemical variants of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, namely (−)-trans-delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol