Molecular geometry of ethane based on rotational spectroscopy.
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Names | |||
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Preferred IUPAC name
Ethane[1] | |||
Systematic IUPAC name
Dicarbane (never recommended[2]) | |||
Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol)
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1730716 | |||
ChEBI | |||
ChEMBL | |||
ChemSpider | |||
ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.741 | ||
EC Number |
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212 | |||
MeSH | Ethane | ||
PubChem CID
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RTECS number |
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UNII | |||
UN number | 1035 | ||
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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Properties | |||
C2H6 | |||
Molar mass | 30.070 g·mol−1 | ||
Appearance | Colorless gas | ||
Odor | Odorless | ||
Density |
544.0 kg/m3 (liquid at -88,5 °C) | ||
Melting point | −182.8 °C; −296.9 °F; 90.4 K | ||
Boiling point | −88.5 °C; −127.4 °F; 184.6 K | ||
Critical point (T, P) | 305.32 K (32.17 °C; 89.91 °F) 48.714 bars (4,871.4 kPa) | ||
56.8 mg L−1[4] | |||
Vapor pressure | 3.8453 MPa (at 21.1 °C) | ||
Henry's law
constant (kH) |
19 nmol Pa−1 kg−1 | ||
Acidity (pKa) | 50 | ||
Basicity (pKb) | −36 | ||
Conjugate acid | Ethanium | ||
-37.37·10−6 cm3/mol | |||
Thermochemistry | |||
Heat capacity (C)
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52.14± 0.39 J K−1 mol−1 at 298 Kelvin[5] | ||
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−84 kJ mol−1 | ||
Std enthalpy of
combustion (ΔcH⦵298) |
−1561.0–−1560.4 kJ mol−1 | ||
Hazards | |||
GHS labelling: | |||
Danger | |||
H220, H280 | |||
P210, P410+P403 | |||
NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |||
Flash point | −135 °C (−211 °F; 138 K) | ||
472 °C (882 °F; 745 K) | |||
Explosive limits | 2.9–13% | ||
Safety data sheet (SDS) | inchem.org | ||
Related compounds | |||
Related alkanes
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Related compounds
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Supplementary data page | |||
Ethane (data page) | |||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Ethane (US: /ˈɛθeɪn/ ETH-ayn, UK: /ˈiː-/ EE-) is a naturally occurring organic chemical compound with chemical formula C
2H
6. At standard temperature and pressure, ethane is a colorless, odorless gas. Like many hydrocarbons, ethane is isolated on an industrial scale from natural gas and as a petrochemical by-product of petroleum refining. Its chief use is as feedstock for ethylene production.
Related compounds may be formed by replacing a hydrogen atom with another functional group; the ethane moiety is called an ethyl group. For example, an ethyl group linked to a hydroxyl group yields ethanol, the alcohol in beverages.
The saturated unbranched acyclic hydrocarbons C2H6, C3H8, and C4H10 have the retained names ethane, propane, and butane, respectively.
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