Etomidate

Etomidate
	(R)-etomidate
Clinical data
Trade names	Amidate, Hypnomidate, Tomvi
AHFS/Drugs.com	Monograph
License data	US DailyMed: Etomidate;
Routes of; administration	Intravenous
ATC code	N01AX07 (WHO) ;
Legal status
Legal status	AU: S4 (Prescription only); BR: Class C1 (Other controlled substances); CA: ℞-only; UK: POM (Prescription only); US: ℞-only;
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding	76%
Metabolism	Ester hydrolysis in plasma and liver
Elimination half-life	75 minutes
Excretion	Urine (85%) and Bile duct (15%)
Identifiers
	IUPAC name Ethyl 3-[(1R)-1-phenylethyl]imidazole-5-carboxylate;
CAS Number	33125-97-2 ;
PubChem CID	36339;
DrugBank	DB00292 ;
ChemSpider	33418 ;
UNII	Z22628B598;
KEGG	D00548 ;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL23731 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID5023033 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.046.700
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C14H16N2O2
Molar mass	244.294 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
Melting point	67 °C (153 °F)
Boiling point	392 °C (738 °F)
	SMILES O=C(OCC)c1cncn1C(c2ccccc2)C;
	InChI InChI=1S/C14H16N2O2/c1-3-18-14(17)13-9-15-10-16(13)11(2)12-7-5-4-6-8-12/h4-11H,3H2,1-2H3 ; Key:NPUKDXXFDDZOKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
	(verify)

Etomidate^[3] (USAN, INN, BAN; marketed as Amidate) is a short-acting intravenous anaesthetic agent used for the induction of general anaesthesia and sedation^[4] for short procedures such as reduction of dislocated joints, tracheal intubation, cardioversion and electroconvulsive therapy. It was developed at Janssen Pharmaceutica in 1964 and was introduced as an intravenous agent in 1972 in Europe and in 1983 in the United States.^[5]

The most common side effects include venous pain on injection and skeletal muscle movements.^[6]

^ Anvisa (2023-03-31). "RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial" [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control] (in Brazilian Portuguese). Diário Oficial da União (published 2023-04-04). Archived from the original on 2023-08-03. Retrieved 2023-08-16.
^ "Summary Basis of Decision (SBD) for Tomvi". Health Canada. 23 October 2014. Retrieved 29 May 2022.
^ US Patent 3354173 'Imidazole carboxylates'
^ Vinson DR, Bradbury DR (June 2002). "Etomidate for procedural sedation in emergency medicine". Annals of Emergency Medicine. 39 (6): 592–598. doi:10.1067/mem.2002.123695. PMID 12023700.
^ Bergen JM, Smith DC (1998). "A review of etomidate for rapid sequence intubation in the emergency department". The Journal of Emergency Medicine. 15 (2): 221–230. doi:10.1016/S0736-4679(96)00350-2. PMID 9144065.
^ "Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update: December 22, 2020". U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 22 December 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2020. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.