Ex parte Endo

Ex parte Endo
Supreme Court of the United States
Argued October 12, 1944 Decided December 18, 1944
Full case name	Ex parte Mitsuye Endo
Citations	323 U.S. 283 (more) 65 S. Ct. 208; 89 L. Ed. 243; 1944 U.S. LEXIS 1
Holding
The government cannot detain a citizen without charge when the government itself concedes she is loyal to the United States.
Court membership
Chief Justice Harlan F. Stone Associate Justices Owen Roberts · Hugo Black Stanley F. Reed · Felix Frankfurter William O. Douglas · Frank Murphy Robert H. Jackson · Wiley B. Rutledge
Case opinions
Majority	Douglas, joined by unanimous
Concurrence	Murphy
Concurrence	Roberts

Ex parte Mitsuye Endo, 323 U.S. 283 (1944), was a United States Supreme Court ex parte decision handed down on December 18, 1944, in which the Court unanimously ruled that the U.S. government could not continue to detain a citizen who was "concededly loyal" to the United States.^[1] Although the Court did not touch on the constitutionality of the exclusion of people of Japanese ancestry from the West Coast, which it had found not to violate citizens' rights in the Korematsu v. United States decision on the same date, the Endo ruling nonetheless led to the reopening of the West Coast to Japanese Americans after their incarceration in camps across the U.S. interior during World War II.

The Court also found as part of this decision that if Congress is found to have ratified by appropriation any part of an executive agency program, the bill doing so must include a specific item referring to that portion of the program.