External cephalic version

External cephalic version
External cephalic version
	Child presenting head first (top) and feet first (bottom)
Specialty	Obstetrics
ICD-9-CM	73.91
	[edit on Wikidata]

External cephalic version (ECV) is a process by which a breech baby can sometimes be turned from buttocks or foot first to head first. It is a manual procedure that is recommended by national guidelines for breech presentation of a pregnancy with a single baby, in order to enable vaginal delivery.^[2]^[3] It is usually performed late in pregnancy, that is, after 36 gestational weeks,^[4] preferably 37 weeks,^[5] and can even be performed in the early stages of childbirth.^[4]

ECV is endorsed by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) and Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG) as a mode to avoid the risks associated with a vaginal breech or cesarean delivery for singleton breech presentation.^[2]^[6]

ECV can be contrasted with "internal cephalic version", which involves a hand inserted through the cervix.^[7]

^ Burton, John (1751). "An essay towards a complete new system of midwifry, theoretical and practical. Together with the descriptions,causes and methods of removing, or relieving the disorderspeculiar to pregnant ... women, and new-born infants". J. Hodges. Retrieved 25 September 2018.
^ ^a ^b Sharoni, L (March 2015). "Anesthesia and external cephalic version". Current Anesthesiology Reports. 5: 91–99. doi:10.1007/s40140-014-0095-0. S2CID 71800278.
^ Shanahan, Meaghan M.; Gray, Caron J. (2020), "External Cephalic Version", StatPearls, StatPearls Publishing, PMID 29494082, retrieved 14 April 2020
^ ^a ^b "Breech baby at the end of pregnancy" (PDF). www.rcog.org. July 2017. Retrieved 23 September 2018.
^ Arnold, Kate C.; Flint, Caroline J. (2017). Obstetrics Essentials: A Question-Based Review. Oklahoma, USA: Springer. pp. 231–235. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-57675-6. ISBN 978-3-319-57674-9. S2CID 38547277.
^ Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Neely, M. R. (May 1959). "Combined internal cephalic version". Ulster Medical Journal. 28 (1): 30–4. PMC 2384304. PMID 13669146.

[1] Burton, John (1751). "An essay towards a complete new system of midwifry, theoretical and practical. Together with the descriptions,causes and methods of removing, or relieving the disorderspeculiar to pregnant ... women, and new-born infants". J. Hodges. Retrieved 25 September 2018.

[:Sharoni2015-2] Sharoni, L (March 2015). "Anesthesia and external cephalic version". Current Anesthesiology Reports. 5: 91–99. doi:10.1007/s40140-014-0095-0. S2CID 71800278.

[StatPearls-3] Shanahan, Meaghan M.; Gray, Caron J. (2020), "External Cephalic Version", StatPearls, StatPearls Publishing, PMID 29494082, retrieved 14 April 2020

[RCOG2017-4] "Breech baby at the end of pregnancy" (PDF). www.rcog.org. July 2017. Retrieved 23 September 2018.

[ArnoldFlint2017-5] Arnold, Kate C.; Flint, Caroline J. (2017). Obstetrics Essentials: A Question-Based Review. Oklahoma, USA: Springer. pp. 231–235. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-57675-6. ISBN 978-3-319-57674-9. S2CID 38547277.

[:0-6] Cite error: The named reference :0 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[pmid13669146-7] Neely, M. R. (May 1959). "Combined internal cephalic version". Ulster Medical Journal. 28 (1): 30–4. PMC 2384304. PMID 13669146.

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