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Fibula (penile)

Athlete infibulating himself (psykter by the Syriskos Painter, c. 480 BC)
Mural from Cave 198, Kizil Caves, 6th century CE

A penile fibula is foremost a ring, attached with a pin through the foreskin to fasten it above the glans penis.[1] It was mainly used by ancient Roman culture, though it may have originated earlier.[2] This ring type of fibula has been described akin to a "large modern safety pin".[3] Its usage may have had several reasons, for example to avoid intercourse, to promote modesty or the belief that it helped preserve a man's voice. Some Jews also utilized fibulas to hide that they were circumcised.[4][5] The word fibula could also be used in general in Rome to denote any type of covering of the penis (such as with a sheath) for the sake of voice preservation or sexual abstinence, it was often used by masters on their slaves for this purpose.[6] Fibulas were frequent subject of ridicule among satirists in Rome.[7][8][6][3][9]

Infibulation could be also a surgical procedure in which two holes were pierced in the foreskin, so a metal clasp could be locked on them to close the prepuce shut. This procedure was similarly criticized by Celsus.[10]

  1. ^ Cite error: The named reference SchultheissMattelaer2003 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference Buchli2017 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference Younger2004 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ Cite error: The named reference cirp.org was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ Cite error: The named reference AW1985 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference GoldenToohey1997 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference Rubin2008 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ Cite error: The named reference Hubbard2013 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  9. ^ Cite error: The named reference sacred-texts.com was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  10. ^ Frederick M. Hodges, The Ideal Prepuce in Ancient Greece and Rome: Male Genital Aesthetics and Their Relation to Lipodermos, Circumcision, Foreskin Restoration, and the Kynodesme. Bulletin of the History of Medicine, volume 57, p. 375-405

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