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First League of Armed Neutrality

A Dutch cartoon depicting a man in a nightshirt (representing Britain) being attacked by several men (representing the First League of Armed Neutrality and the Bourbon Alliance). He is held by a Swede and a Dane, a Frenchman places a fools cap on his head, a Dutchman places shackles around his ankles, an American runs away with his clothes, and a Russian is about to hit him with a club; in the background, a merchant fleet sails out to sea.

The First League of Armed Neutrality was an alliance of European naval powers between 1780 and 1783 which was intended to protect neutral shipping against the British Royal Navy's wartime policy of unlimited search of neutral shipping for French contraband during the American Revolutionary War and Anglo-French War.[1] According to one estimate, 1 in 5 merchant vessels were searched by the Royal Navy under this policy.[2] By September 1778, at least 59 ships had been taken prize – 8 Danish (and Norwegian), 16 Swedish and 35 Dutch, as well as others from Prussia.[3] Protests were enormous by every side involved.

  1. ^ Armed Neutralities – International maritime law in the eighteenth century
  2. ^ Albion and Pope, Sea Lanes in wartime, p. 35
  3. ^ AS, Genoa, AS. 2293, letter, Ageno to Serenissima, London, 29 September 1778

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