Foot voting

Foot voting is expressing one's preferences through one's actions, by voluntarily participating in or withdrawing from an activity, group, or process; especially, physical migration to leave a situation one does not like, or to move to a situation one regards as more beneficial. People who engage in foot voting are said to "vote with their feet".^[1]

Legal scholar Ilya Somin has described foot voting as "a tool for enhancing political freedom: the ability of the people to choose the political regime under which they wish to live".^[2] Communist leader Vladimir Lenin commented, "They voted with their feet," regarding Russian soldiers deserting the army of the Tsar.^[3] The concept has also been associated with Charles Tiebout, who pioneered the concept (although he did not use the term "foot voting") in a 1956 paper,^[4]^[5]^: 203 and with Ronald Reagan, who advocated migration between states of the United States as a solution to unsatisfactory local conditions.^[6]^[7]

^ Lynch, Casey R. (2017). ""Vote with your feet": Neoliberalism, the democratic nation-state, and utopian enclave libertarianism". Political Geography. 59: 82–91. doi:10.1016/j.polgeo.2017.03.005. hdl:10150/625948.
^ Cite error: The named reference Somin-2014 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Wintringham-1935 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Tiebout-1956 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Somin-2011 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference Reagan-1981-11-19 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
^ Cite error: The named reference McGrory-1982-01-21 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[1] Lynch, Casey R. (2017). ""Vote with your feet": Neoliberalism, the democratic nation-state, and utopian enclave libertarianism". Political Geography. 59: 82–91. doi:10.1016/j.polgeo.2017.03.005. hdl:10150/625948.

[Somin-2014-2] Cite error: The named reference Somin-2014 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Wintringham-1935-3] Cite error: The named reference Wintringham-1935 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Tiebout-1956-4] Cite error: The named reference Tiebout-1956 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Somin-2011-5] Cite error: The named reference Somin-2011 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Reagan-1981-11-19-6] Cite error: The named reference Reagan-1981-11-19 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[McGrory-1982-01-21-7] Cite error: The named reference McGrory-1982-01-21 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]