Back القسم الفرنساوى من دولية العمال ARZ Seición Francesa de la Internacional Obrera AST Французская секцыя Рабочага інтэрнацыяналу Byelorussian SFIO Breton Secció Francesa de la Internacional Obrera Catalan Section française de l’Internationale ouvrière Danish Section française de l’Internationale ouvrière German Franca Sekcio de la Laborista Internacio Esperanto Sección Francesa de la Internacional Obrera Spanish Langile-Internazionalaren Frantziar Sekzioa Basque
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French Section of the Workers' International Section française de l'Internationale ouvrière | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Leader | |
| Founders | Jules Guesde Jean Jaurès |
| Founded | 25 April 1905 |
| Dissolved | 4 May 1969 |
| Merger of | French Socialist Party Socialist Party of France |
| Merged into | Socialist Party |
| Headquarters | Paris |
| Newspaper | Le Populaire (from 1918) L'Humanité (until 1920) |
| Trade union | Workers' Force |
| Ideology | |
| Political position | Left-wing[7] |
| National affiliation | Lefts Cartel (1924–1934) Popular Front (1936–1938) Tripartisme (1944–1947) Third Force (1947–1958) |
| International affiliation | Second International (1905–1916) Labour and Socialist International (1923–1940) Socialist International (1951–1969) |
| European Parliament group | Socialist Group |
| Colours | Red |
The French Section of the Workers' International (French: Section française de l'Internationale ouvrière, SFIO) was a political party in France that was founded in 1905 and succeeded in 1969 by the modern-day Socialist Party. The SFIO was founded during the 1905 Globe Congress in Paris as a merger between the French Socialist Party and the Socialist Party of France in order to create the French section of the Second International, designated as the party of the workers' movement.
The SFIO united the Marxist tendency represented by Jules Guesde with the social-democratic tendency represented by Jean Jaurès, who quickly became the united party's most influential figure. Other leaders included Édouard Vaillant and Paul Lafargue, Karl Marx's son in law. The SFIO opposed colonialism and militarism, although the party abandoned its anti-militarist views and supported the national union government (French: Union nationale) following Germany's declaration of war on France in World War I, sacrificing its ideals of internationalist class struggle in favor of national patriotism, as did other members of the Second International.
Because of conflicting views towards the 1917 Russian Revolution, the SFIO split in two during the 1920 Tours Congress: the majority became the French Communist Party, the French Section of the Bolshevik-led Communist International; while the minority continued as the SFIO.
Between 1909 and 1920, the SFIO published the newspaper L'Humanité. In French politics, it affiliated with the Left Cartel (1924–1934), the Popular Front (1936–1938), the Tripartisme (1944–1947), and the Third Force (1947–1958). Internationally, the party was first affiliated with the Second International (1905–1916), then the Labour and Socialist International (1923–1940)[8] and finally the Socialist International (1951–1969). The SFIO's symbol was a red and black circle with the Three Arrows.[citation needed]
- ^ Friedman, Gerald (1990). "Capitalism, Republicanism, Socialism, and the State: France, 1871-1914". Social Science History. 14 (2): 151–174. doi:10.2307/1171436. JSTOR 1171436.
- ^ Dumons, Bruno (2006). "Parachutés et " hommes du cru ": Les réseaux des parlementaires socialistes dans la Saône- et-Loire de l'entre-deux-guerres". Politix. 76 (4): 121. doi:10.3917/pox.076.0121.
- ^ Fuchs, Günther; Scholze, Scholze; Zimmermann, Detlev (2004). Frankreichs Dritte Republik in neun Porträts : Leon Gambetta, Jules Ferry, Jean Jaurès, Georges Clemenceau, Aristide Briand, Léon Blum, Edouard Daladier, Philippe Pétain, Charles de Gaulle. Leipziger Universitätsverlag. p. 148. ISBN 9783937209876.
- ^ Lieber, Nancy (1977). "Ideology and Tactics of the French Socialist Party". Government and Opposition. 12 (4): 455–473. doi:10.1111/j.1477-7053.1977.tb00663.x. ISSN 0017-257X. JSTOR 44482172. S2CID 144702684.
- ^ Priestland, David (2009). The red flag : a history of communism. New York: Grove Press. ISBN 9780802189790.
- ^ Roberts, Sophie B. (2017). Citizenship and Antisemitism in French Colonial Algeria, 1870-1962. Cambridge, MA. p. 207. ISBN 9781107188150.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Slavin, David (1991). "The French Left and the Rif War, 1924-25: Racism and the Limits of Internationalism". Journal of Contemporary History. 26 (1): 5–32. doi:10.1177/002200949102600101. ISSN 0022-0094. JSTOR 260628. S2CID 162339547.
- ^ Kowalski, Werner (1985). Geschichte der sozialistischen arbeiter-internationale: 1923–1940. Berlin: Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften (in German).
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