Civil conflict over control of Port-au-Prince
Since 2020, Haiti 's capital Port-au-Prince has been the site of an ongoing gang war between two major criminal groups and their allies: the Revolutionary Forces of the G9 Family and Allies (FRG9 or G9) and the G-Pep.[2] [3] [13] The Government of Haiti and Haitian security forces have struggled to maintain their control of Port-au-Prince amid this conflict,[3] with gangs reportedly controlling up to 90% of the city by 2023.[14] In response to the escalating gang fighting, an armed vigilante movement, known as bwa kale , also emerged, with the purpose of fighting the gangs.[3] [15] On 2 October 2023, United Nations Security Council Resolution 2699 was approved, authorizing a Kenya -led "multinational security support mission " to Haiti.[16]
In March 2024, gang violence spread throughout Port-au-Prince with the goal of obtaining the resignation of acting prime minister Ariel Henry , leading to the storming of two prisons and the release of thousands of prisoners. These attacks and subsequent attacks on various government institutions led the Haitian government to declare a state of emergency and impose a curfew.[17] On 11 March, Henry agreed to resign once a transitional government is formed.[18]
^ a b Da Rin, Diego (27 July 2022). "New Gang Battle Lines Scar Haiti as Political Deadlock Persists" . Crisis Group . Archived from the original on 2 October 2023. Retrieved 2 October 2023 .
^ a b c d Dyer, Evan (8 May 2023). "In Haiti, a grassroots vigilante movement is fighting back against gang warfare" . cbc . Archived from the original on 1 October 2023. Retrieved 30 September 2023 .
^ https://apnews.com/article/haiti-ariel-lhenry-resigns-violence-gangs-government-22868c51b5f4c9ca5a8d69fcb5df376b
^ https://www.cnn.com/2024/04/25/americas/haiti-ariel-henry-resignation-intl/index.html
^ https://www.wsj.com/world/americas/haitian-prime-minister-ariel-henry-resigns-59226b69
^ "Guy Philippe, former rebel calls for 'revolution' to oust Haiti's Henry - The Washington Post" . The Washington Post . 11 February 2024.
^ "UCDP – Uppsala Conflict Data Program" . ucdp.uu.se . Archived from the original on 7 January 2023. Retrieved 28 July 2022 .
^ Charles, Jacqueline (13 July 2022). "Gang continues deadly attack on Haiti slum, sparking violent protests over fuel shortages" . Miami Herald . Archived from the original on 14 July 2022. Retrieved 13 July 2022 .
^ "United Nations statistics underscore 'extreme brutality' of Haiti's gangs" . al-Jazeera . 19 August 2023. Archived from the original on 19 October 2023. Retrieved 6 October 2023 .
^ "Statement by UNICEF Executive Director Catherine Russell on the situation in Haiti" . UNICEF . 6 March 2024. Archived from the original on 7 March 2024. Retrieved 7 March 2024 .
^ Rivers, Matt (31 July 2023). "Rare glimpse inside neighborhood at the center of Haiti's gang war" . ABC . Archived from the original on 3 October 2023. Retrieved 30 September 2023 .
^ "Chaos In Haiti Escalates as Gang Violence, Fuel Shortages Threaten Access to Health Care" . Partners in Health . 24 March 2023. Archived from the original on 3 October 2023. Retrieved 30 September 2023 .
^ Chéry, Ons (18 November 2022). "Bwa kale: Protests still draw people fed up in Haiti, despite risks" . The Haitian Times . Archived from the original on 24 December 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2023 .
^ Robles, Frances; Fassihi, Farnaz (2 October 2023). "U.N. Approves Kenya-Led Security Mission to Help Haiti Stamp Out Gangs" . The New York Times . ISSN 0362-4331 . Archived from the original on 3 October 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2023 .
^ "It's not just gang violence surging in Haiti. It's a rebellion: ANALYSIS" . ABC News . Archived from the original on 8 March 2024. Retrieved 7 March 2024 .
^ Coto, Dánica; Sanon, Evens (12 March 2024). "Ariel Henry: Haiti's PM says he will resign" . Associated Press . Archived from the original on 12 March 2024. Retrieved 12 March 2024 .
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