Gonocytes are the precursors of spermatogonia that differentiate in the testis from primordial germ cells around week 7 of embryonic development and exist up until the postnatal period, when they become spermatogonia.[1] Despite some uses of the term to refer to the precursors of oogonia, it was generally restricted to male germ cells.[1][2] Germ cells operate as vehicles of inheritance by transferring genetic and epigenetic information from one generation to the next. Male fertility is centered around continual spermatogonia which is dependent upon a high stem cell population. Thus, the function and quality of a differentiated sperm cell is dependent upon the capacity of its originating spermatogonial stem cell (SSC).[3]
Gonocytes represent the germ cells undergoing the successive, short-term and migratory stages of development. This occurs between the time they inhabit the forming gonads on the genital ridge to the time they migrate to the basement membrane of the seminiferous cords. Gonocyte development consists of several phases of cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis.[4][5] The abnormal development of gonocytes leads to fertility-related diseases.[6]
They are also identified as prespermatogonia, prospermatogonia and primitive germ cells, although gonocyte is most common.[7]
- ^ a b Culty, Martine (2009). "Gonocytes, the forgotten cells of the germ cell lineage". Birth Defects Research Part C: Embryo Today: Reviews. 87 (1): 1–26. doi:10.1002/bdrc.20142. ISSN 1542-9768. PMID 19306346.
- ^ Culty, Martine (2013-08-01). "Gonocytes, from the Fifties to the Present: Is There a Reason to Change the Name?". Biology of Reproduction. 89 (2): 46. doi:10.1095/biolreprod.113.110544. ISSN 0006-3363. PMID 23843237.
- ^ Yang, Qi-En; Oatley, Jon M. (2014-01-01), Rendl, Michael (ed.), "Chapter Nine - Spermatogonial Stem Cell Functions in Physiological and Pathological Conditions", Current Topics in Developmental Biology, Stem Cells in Development and Disease, 107, Academic Press: 235–267, doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-416022-4.00009-3, PMID 24439809, retrieved 2020-04-28
- ^ Culty, Martine (2009). "Gonocytes, the forgotten cells of the germ cell lineage". Birth Defects Research Part C: Embryo Today: Reviews. 87 (1): 1–26. doi:10.1002/bdrc.20142. PMID 19306346.
- ^ Manku, Gurpreet; Culty, Martine (2015). "Mammalian gonocyte and spermatogonia differentiation: recent advances and remaining challenges". Reproduction. 149 (3): R139–R157. doi:10.1530/rep-14-0431. ISSN 1470-1626. PMID 25670871.
- ^ Loebenstein, Moshe; Thorup, Jorgen; Cortes, Dina; Clasen-Linde, Erik; Hutson, John M; Li, Ruili (2019). "Cryptorchidism, gonocyte development, and the risks of germ cell malignancy and infertility: A systematic review". Journal of Pediatric Surgery. 55 (7): 1201–1210. doi:10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2019.06.023. ISSN 0022-3468. PMID 31327540. S2CID 198134800.
- ^ Gaskell, Terri L.; Esnal, Arantza; Robinson, Lynn L.L.; Anderson, Richard A.; Saunders, Philippa T.K. (2004-12-01). "Immunohistochemical Profiling of Germ Cells Within the Human Fetal Testis: Identification of Three Subpopulations". Biology of Reproduction. 71 (6): 2012–2021. doi:10.1095/biolreprod.104.028381. ISSN 0006-3363. PMID 15317684.
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