Grantism

This article is part of a series about Ulysses S. Grant
Pre-presidency Early life and career birthplace American Civil War campaigns Vicksburg Chattanooga Overland Petersburg Appomattox General Order No. 11 Commanding generalship 1868 election convention 18th President of the United States Presidency Inaugurations Reconstruction 15th Amendment Scandals Reforms Grantism Peace Policy Judicial appointments 1872 election convention Post-presidency World tour 1880 convention Personal Memoirs Legacy Memorials Tomb Memorial Culutral depictions Bibliography
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Grantism is a derisive term of United States origin referring to the political incompetence, corruption, and fraud, during the administration of President Ulysses S. Grant. His presidency, which lasted from 1869 to 1877, was marred by many scandals and fraudulent activities associated with persons within his administration, including his cabinet, which was in continual transition, divided by the forces of political corruption and reform.^[1] Among them were: Black Friday, corruption in the Department of the Interior, the Sanborn incident, and the Whiskey Ring. (The Crédit Mobilier scandal, although exposed during his tenure, is not considered a Grant scandal.)

Political opponents of Grant and proponents of the Lost Cause of the Confederacy attacked him with the term Grantism. Some historians defend Grant, noting that he established the Civil Service Commission, had reformers in his Cabinet, and ended the corrupt system of privateer tax collectors profiteering by taking a percentage of delinquent taxes. His enemies wanted to undermine the moral integrity of his administration and for his enforcement of African American civil rights during Reconstruction.

Grant, ever trusting of associates, was himself influenced by both forces. The standards in many of his appointments were low, and charges of corruption were widespread.^[1] Although he was not directly involved with these scandals, the president's associations with people of questionable character and his reliance on cronyism, nepotism, and political patronage gave rise to accusations of "Grantism". Historians agree that corruption in the Grant administration was due to Grant's appointments of unqualified close friends and family members, and remain perplexed why he protected his personal secretary Orville E. Babcock.