Back لقاح فيروس الورم الحليمي البشري Arabic واکسن پاپیلوما ویروس انسانی AZB མིའི་རིགས་རྣ་ལྷན་འབུར་ནད་དུག་རིམས་འགོག་སྨན་ཁབ་ Tibetan Vaccí contra el papil·lomavirus humà Catalan HPV-vaccination Danish HPV-Impfstoff German Απλά εμβόλια κατά του ιού HPV Greek Vacuna contra el virus del papiloma humano Spanish واکسن پاپیلوما ویروس انسانی Persian HPV-rokote Finnish

HPV vaccine

HPV vaccine
Vaccine description
TargetHuman papillomavirus (HPV)
Vaccine typeProtein subunit
Clinical data
Trade namesGardasil, Cervarix, others
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa615028
License data
Pregnancy
category
Routes of
administration		Intramuscular injection
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
Identifiers
CAS Number
ChemSpider
  • none
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Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines are vaccines that prevent infection by certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV).[19] Available HPV vaccines protect against either two, four, or nine types of HPV.[19][20] All HPV vaccines protect against at least HPV types 16 and 18, which cause the greatest risk of cervical cancer.[19] It is estimated that HPV vaccines may prevent 70% of cervical cancer, 80% of anal cancer, 60% of vaginal cancer, 40% of vulvar cancer, and show more than 90% efficacy in preventing HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancers.[21][22][23][24] They additionally prevent some genital warts, with the quadrivalent and nonavalent vaccines that protect against HPV types HPV-6 and HPV-11 providing greater protection.[19]

The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends HPV vaccines as part of routine vaccinations in all countries, along with other prevention measures.[19] The vaccines require two or three doses depending on a person's age and immune status.[19] Vaccinating girls around the ages of nine to thirteen is typically recommended.[19] The vaccines provide protection for at least 5 to 10 years.[19] Cervical cancer screening is still required following vaccination.[19] Vaccinating a large portion of the population may also benefit the unvaccinated.[25]

HPV vaccines are very safe.[19] Pain at the site of injection occurs in about 80% of people.[19] Redness and swelling at the site and fever may also occur.[19] No link to Guillain–Barré syndrome has been found.[19]

The first HPV vaccine became available in 2006.[19][26] As of 2022, 125 countries include HPV vaccine in their routine vaccinations for girls, and 47 countries also for boys.[19] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines[27][28] and prequalified vaccines.[29] Vaccination may be cost effective in the low and middle-income countries.[30] As of 2017, Gardasil 9 is the only HPV vaccine available in the United States, as it provides protection against more HPV types than the earlier approved vaccines (the original Gardasil and Cervarix).[31][32]

  1. ^ "Human papillomavirus vaccine Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. 11 February 2019. Archived from the original on 5 April 2020. Retrieved 3 April 2020.
  2. ^ "Gardasil HPV 6 L1 Protein / HPV 11 L1 Protein / HPV 16 L1 Protein / HPV 18 L1 Protein 20,40,40,20 micrograms/0.5mL sterile liquid syringe". Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). Archived from the original on 8 July 2022. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
  3. ^ "Gardasil 9 Human Papillomavirus 9-valent Vaccine, Recombinant, 30, 40, 60, 40, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20 micrograms/0.5mL, suspension for injection, syringe". Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). Archived from the original on 8 July 2022. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
  4. ^ "Gardasil 9 Human Papillomavirus 9-valent Vaccine, Recombinant, 30, 40, 60, 40, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20 micrograms / 0.5mL, suspension for injection, vial". Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). Archived from the original on 8 July 2022. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
  5. ^ "Gardasil (human papillomavirus vaccine)". Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). 24 June 2010. Archived from the original on 23 March 2022. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
  6. ^ "AusPAR: Human papillomavirus quadrivalent vaccine". Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). 24 February 2011. Archived from the original on 18 June 2022. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
  7. ^ "AusPAR: Human Papillomavirus 9 valent vaccine". Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). 16 January 2017. Archived from the original on 4 April 2019. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
  8. ^ "AusPAR: Human papillomavirus (Types 6, 11, 16 & 18) quadrivalent recombinant vaccine". Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA). 7 June 2012. Archived from the original on 9 September 2017. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
  9. ^ "Gardasil Product information". Health Canada. 25 April 2012. Archived from the original on 8 July 2022. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
  10. ^ "Gardasil 9 Product information". Health Canada. 25 April 2012. Archived from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved 8 July 2022.
  11. ^ "Gardasil 9 suspension for injection - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". (emc). 24 January 2020. Archived from the original on 6 April 2020. Retrieved 3 April 2020.
  12. ^ "Gardasil suspension for injection - Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)". (emc). 7 May 2019. Archived from the original on 4 April 2020. Retrieved 3 April 2020.
  13. ^ "Gardasil- human papillomavirus quadrivalent- types 6, 11, 16, and 18 vaccine, recombinant injection, suspension". DailyMed. 2 December 2020. Archived from the original on 21 April 2022. Retrieved 31 March 2022.
  14. ^ "Gardasil 9- human papillomavirus 9-valent vaccine, recombinant injection, suspension". DailyMed. 20 August 2021. Archived from the original on 5 April 2020. Retrieved 31 March 2022.
  15. ^ "Cervarix". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). 4 October 2022. STN:BL 125259. Archived from the original on 10 October 2022. Retrieved 9 October 2022.
  16. ^ "Silgard EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). 17 September 2018. Archived from the original on 6 April 2020. Retrieved 3 April 2020.
  17. ^ "Gardasil 9 EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). 17 September 2018. Archived from the original on 6 April 2020. Retrieved 3 April 2020. Text was copied from this source which is copyright European Medicines Agency. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged.
  18. ^ "Gardasil EPAR". European Medicines Agency. 17 September 2018. Archived from the original on 11 June 2022. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
  19. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o World Health Organization (December 2022). "Human papillomavirus vaccines: WHO position paper (2022 update)". Weekly Epidemiological Record. 97 (50): 645–672. hdl:10665/365351.
  20. ^ Kash N, Lee MA, Kollipara R, Downing C, Guidry J, Tyring SK (April 2015). "Safety and Efficacy Data on Vaccines and Immunization to Human Papillomavirus". Journal of Clinical Medicine. 4 (4): 614–633. doi:10.3390/jcm4040614. PMC 4470159. PMID 26239350. S2CID 14149551.
  21. ^ De Vuyst H, Clifford GM, Nascimento MC, Madeleine MM, Franceschi S (April 2009). "Prevalence and type distribution of human papillomavirus in carcinoma and intraepithelial neoplasia of the vulva, vagina and anus: a meta-analysis". International Journal of Cancer. 124 (7): 1626–1636. doi:10.1002/ijc.24116. PMID 19115209. S2CID 24197494.
  22. ^ Takes RP, Wierzbicka M, D'Souza G, Jackowska J, Silver CE, Rodrigo JP, et al. (December 2015). "HPV vaccination to prevent oropharyngeal carcinoma: What can be learned from anogenital vaccination programs?". Oral Oncology. 51 (12): 1057–1060. doi:10.1016/j.oraloncology.2015.10.011. PMID 26520047. S2CID 23356354.
  23. ^ Thaxton L, Waxman AG (May 2015). "Cervical cancer prevention: immunization and screening 2015". The Medical Clinics of North America. 99 (3): 469–477. doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2015.01.003. PMID 25841595. S2CID 2828633.
  24. ^ Anjum F, Zohaib J (4 December 2020). "Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma". StatPearls (Updated ed.). Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. doi:10.32388/G6TG1L. PMID 33085415. S2CID 229252540. Bookshelf ID: NBK563268. Archived from the original on 11 June 2021. Retrieved 7 February 2021 – via NCBI.
  25. ^ Saville AM (April 2016). "Cervical cancer prevention in Australia: Planning for the future". Cancer Cytopathology. 124 (4): 235–240. doi:10.1002/cncy.21643. PMID 26619381.
  26. ^ World Health Organization (May 2011). The immunological basis for immunization series: module 19: human papillomavirus infection. World Health Organization. hdl:10665/44604. ISBN 9789241501590.
  27. ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
  28. ^ World Health Organization (2021). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 22nd list (2021). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/345533. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2021.02.
  29. ^ Hotez PJ, Bottazzi ME (January 2022). "Whole Inactivated Virus and Protein-Based COVID-19 Vaccines". Annual Review of Medicine. 73 (1): 55–64. doi:10.1146/annurev-med-042420-113212. PMID 34637324. S2CID 238747462.
  30. ^ Fesenfeld M, Hutubessy R, Jit M (August 2013). "Cost-effectiveness of human papillomavirus vaccination in low and middle income countries: a systematic review". Vaccine. 31 (37): 3786–3804. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.06.060. PMID 23830973.
  31. ^ "What's New with VISs". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 5 April 2019. Archived from the original on 15 October 2019. Retrieved 14 October 2019.
  32. ^ Cite error: The named reference Kaiser was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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